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Disaster Stirs Already Unsettled Feelings Across the Country

February 2, 2003
By TODD S. PURDUM






WASHINGTON, Feb.1 - To sleeping Texans who heard the
"boom-boom," it was the sound of the sky falling. To the
clinical-voiced controller at NASA's Mission Control, it
was a "contingency." To Americans already grappling with a
confluence of threatening events, the instinctive reaction
was, "What next?"

Like the space shuttle Challenger disaster 17 years ago
this week and the attacks of Sept. 11, the breakup of the
Columbia unfolded in real time before a nationwide
television audience, sparking many of the same unsettled
feelings. Only because the crash began some 40 miles above
the earth could the instinct to think of terrorism be
repressed.

But to a nation still struggling with the aftermath of the
most devastating terrorist attack in its history and the
abiding threat of another, plus a sluggish economy, nuclear
tension with North Korea and the prospect of war with Iraq,
this morning's tragedy fell as an especially harsh blow.

"We've grown used to the idea of space, and perhaps we
forget that we've only just begun," Ronald Reagan told the
nation on Jan. 28, 1986, when the Challenger exploded on
takeoff. "I know it's hard to understand, but sometimes
painful things like this happen. It's all part of taking a
chance and expanding man's horizons. The future doesn't
belong to the faint-hearted. It belongs to the brave."

President Bush will surely need to summon all the courage
he can muster - and more important, summon the nation's -
in the days and weeks ahead. For even as he tries to rally
an anxious nation and doubting allies for a war, he will
face a new, if predictable, challenge: public demands for
answers and political demands for accountability.

The mourning will come first, of course. Like the
Challenger, whose crew was a multiracial, multiethnic
American mosaic, the Columbia had a diverse crew, including
the first Israeli astronaut. One member was from Iowa and
another was born in India.

Unlike the Challenger, which crashed at sea, the Columbia
fell to earth this morning in fiery and potentially toxic
bits over the cities in Mr. Bush's home state, like a scene
from "War of the Worlds." NASA spokesmen warned the public
not to touch any debris, but report it instead to law
enforcement authorities.

In a twist of nomenclature that would seem implausible in
fiction, a craft carrying Col. Ilan Ramon of the Israeli
Air Force apparently broke up over an East Texas town
called Palestine.

By late morning, NASA was lowering flags to half-staff and
television screens that had been full of the lulling ritual
of Saturday morning cartoons were alive with charts,
drawings and the endlessly replayed footage of the
shuttle's shockingly wrong multiple vapor trails as it
streaked at six times the speed of sound toward a landing
in Florida after a 16-day science mission.

John Glenn, the first American to orbit the earth 41 years
ago, and his wife, Annie, had just turned on their
television set to watch the landing. "Once you went for
several minutes without any contact, you knew something was
terribly wrong," he told The Associated Press.

Government officials said there were no indications of
possible terrorism, and the shuttle was out of range of
surface-to-air missiles. Whatever the cause, there was no
possibility of an emergency landing or ejection by the
astronauts after the craft got in trouble at 200,000 feet,
moving at 12,500 miles an hour.

In the initial aftermath of the Challenger disaster, the
national and official mood was numbness. Only later did it
become apparent that NASA had long had evidence of the very
vulnerability that caused that accident, the O-rings on the
shuttle's solid fuel rockets, which tended to become
brittle and shrink in cold weather like that on the morning
of Challenger's ill-fated launch. Engineers had warned of
the possibility just hours before the launch.

So, too, in the days after Sept. 11, 2001, there was
enormous national unity and great reluctance to question
the government missteps or intelligence failures that might
have left the nation vulnerable to such brutal attack. But
those questions have since surfaced with increasing
urgency, and many remain unanswered today.

But for the moment, today there was only shock. Democratic
leaders of the House of Representatives, meeting at a
Pennsylvania resort to plan strategy for confronting
President Bush on taxes, Medicare and the rest of his
domestic agenda, instead began to pray.

"We thought that matters we were dealing with were of the
greatest seriousness," said the minority leader,
Representative Nancy Pelosi of California. "But it isn't of
the greatest urgency for us to discuss them right now."

http://www.nytimes.com/2003/02/02/national/02MOOD.html?ex=1045135179&ei=1&en=a498034e6ab309c3



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