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http://www.newstatesman.com/site.php3?
newTemplate=NSArticle_World&newDisplayURN=200409200010

Where de Sade and the SS live on
Observations
Mark Almond
Monday 20th September 2004 
 
 
 
Observations on Latvia. By Mark Almond

Shortly before his death, Gyorgy Lukacs remarked gloomily that if 
communism failed, it would lead not to the rebirth of bourgeois 
liberalism, but the triumph of Sadism. Go to Latvia and you may 
think he was right. Certainly, post-communist reality there conforms 
more to the Marquis de Sade's vision than to Adam Smith's.

The capital, Riga, is a riot of prostitution without constraints. At 
the once-grand Hotel Riga, opposite Wagner's old opera house, a club 
called Dolls offers rooms by the hour and see-through bathrooms. In 
the park around the nearby monument to Latvia's freedom, glue-
sniffing boys offer same-sex services. For the more discreet gay 
man, there is the subtly named Purvs.

There is an even darker side to all this. Virtually all signs of 
Soviet occupation - war memorials celebrating the Red Army, for 
example - have been removed. Not so the country's other 20th-century 
occupation. Head west out of Riga towards where the front line 
between the Red Army and Hitler's troops still stood in May 1945, 
and you'll find the Nazi period alive and well.

In Lestene, a huge memorial commemorating tens of thousands of 
Waffen SS men has recently been inaugurated; here, Latvian members 
of Heinrich Himmler's elite force defended a pocket of Nazi- 
controlled territory until the end of the war. About five miles 
away, at the old front-line village of Zante, an enterprising 
amateur local historian has put together a museum with a remarkable 
assemblage of the debris of the fighting. This has become a place of 
pilgrimage, to which Latvian soldiers are taken for pep talks before 
they go out to Iraq to join US-led operations.

I travelled on the army bus with an elderly man who spoke fluent 
German. "Adolf", he said, had saved Europe from communism because 
Stalin's forces were about to surge westwards, but Hitler "pre-
empted" his attack. In 200 years' time, he guessed, "there will be 
monuments to Hitler". Judging from the rate at which some Latvians 
are putting up monuments to their SS, Hitler won't have to wait that 
long. Nowadays, the word "occupation" usually refers only to the 
Soviet period.

While so much effort is being put into mythologising Latvia's 
darkest chapter, little or nothing is being done for the country's 
real heritage. The collapse of agriculture demanded by Brussels as 
the price of entry into the EU has not only driven the peasantry 
from the land, but also led to the abandonment of countless 
beautiful old farm buildings. Wooden cottages and barns lie in ruins 
in untended, weed-infested fields. In Riga itself, only a handful of 
the fabulous pre-revolutionary art nouveau buildings have been 
preserved properly. Even as the local English- language paper 
decries the shortage of living space, many fine old buildings lie 
empty. Early 20th-century factory buildings, which would be 
renovated in the west, are commonly demolished.

Latvia is a rootless parody of a nation state. SS chic marches hand 
in hand with sex for sale. With a wildly distorted past, its present 
has become a perverse reality. 
 

This article first appeared in the New Statesman. For the latest in 
current and cultural affairs subscribe to the New Statesman print 
edition. 



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Let us please be civil and as always, Caveat Lector.
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