-Caveat Lector-

One in Four Employees Angry at Work

By EVELYNE GIRARDET
.c The Associated Press

CHICAGO (AP) - As she headed home from her job as an administrative assistant
at a bank, the stress and anger lingering from Ariella Winograd's workday
apparently showed.

``Did my boss call you? Can you read my face?'' Ms. Winograd said when asked
Monday about anger in the workplace. ``I definitely have office rage.''

She's not alone.

Nearly 25 percent of respondents to a 1996 Gallup nationwide telephone survey
of 1,000 adults age 18 or older who were employed full- or part-time
indicated that they were ``generally at least somewhat angry at work,''
according to a new study.

Authors of the study say the statistic may help explain recent outbursts of
workplace violence.

``In an environment where you think people are satisfied with their jobs,
there is a sort of undercurrent of anger and resentment aimed at the
workplace that could potentially lead to the kinds of explosions of rage we
have seen,'' said Donald Gibson, a professor at the Yale University School of
Management and a co-author the study.

The study, ``The Experience of Anger at Work: Lessons from the Chronically
Angry,'' is scheduled to be presented Wednesday at the annual meeting of the
Academy of Management in Chicago. It was sponsored by Marlin Co., a
Connecticut-based management consulting firm.

Authorities say workplace rage was a factor in the July 29 shooting spree in
which Mark O. Barton killed nine people and injured 12 others in two Atlanta
office buildings where he worked as a day trader. A week later, Alan Eugene
Miller killed three people at two Pelham, Ala., companies where he had
worked, prosecutors say.

Despite the headlines, homicides at work are declining. There were 856
work-related murders in 1997, a 7 percent drop from 1996 that mirrors the
fall in violent crime nationwide during this economic boom, according to the
Bureau of Labor Statistics.

According to the study, the most common cause of workplace anger - cited by
11 percent of those questioned - was the actions of supervisors or managers.

Nine percent said co-workers, others not being productive and tight deadlines
or a heavy workload were to blame. Others cited dealing with the public and
being treated badly as reasons for their anger.

``There has been a lot of downsizing. A lot of companies are leaner and
meaner, and many of the workers who are left feel overworked and
underappreciated,'' Gibson said.

Ms. Winograd said her workplace peeves include condescending superiors and
managers who do much of their business on the golf course, leaving the real
work to assistants.

Ed Gordon, a computer consultant from Waukegan, said that to a certain
degree, he can relate to the anger that led to acts of workplace violence.

``You wonder, `What would it take?' and then you think, `Jeez, could I do
anything like that?''' he said.

Gibson said most of the effects of workplace anger are subtle. They include a
hostile work environment and the tendency to do the minimum amount of work to
get by, resulting in a drop in productivity.

Suppressed workplace anger has also been linked to health complaints, such as
anxiety, depression, high blood pressure and heart disease.

Gibson said managers need to communicate more with their workers in order to
nip anger in the bud before it affects productivity or worse.

``They need to keep exploring, `Am I as a manager taking actions that are
causing anger?' and `How is that affecting my company?''' he said.

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