-Caveat Lector-

Hi !

Below please find information about "false" memories.

Sincerely,  Neil Brick

PS There will be a ritual abuse conference this weekend in CT. for more info,
http://members.aol.com/smartnews/SMART-1999-Conference.htm

PS "if all the information in the media and society available to most
survivors is biased toward the false position that memories of abuse are
false and a survivor is manipulated and pressured by their family emotionally
and cognitively, it is very possible that a survivor may believe (falsely)
that their memories are false."

Recovered Memories are memories that have been "forgotten" at least
consciously, by the victim of the trauma or abuse. A variety of studies and
court cases support the theory of recovered memory. The veracity of recovered
memories is backed up by the following:

"More sophisticated studies that clearly distinguish between plot-relevant
central information, basic level visual information, and plot-irrelevant
central and background details (Burke et al., 1992) have clearly demonstrated
that memory is well and accurately retained for the gist of a central action
(plot-relevant action) or a negative emotional event even over long retention
intervals, while only the peripheral background details are poorly retained.
These findings are consistent with Bartlett's (1932) original studies on
memory for the War of the Ghosts, in which gist memory was well preserved
while memory for minor details was highly inaccurate. General, overstated
claims about memory fallibility fail to take into consideration the complex
interaction of variables that affect memory performance."
( "Memory, Trauma Treatment, and the Law" by Brown, Scheflin and Hammond,
W.W. Norton and Co. New York and London, C 1998 (http://www.wwnorton.com)
Page 365-366)

"There is a growing corpus of scientific and clinical data in support of the
view that traumatic experiences are encoded and stored both as behavioral
memory and verbal memory, and that in certain instances the implicit,
behavioral memory for the trauma make take primacy over the verbal memory in
the form of behavioral reenactment and intrusive reexperiencing..... normal
behavioral  memory in children and behavioral memory for trauma in children
and adults have been the subjects  of numerous scientific investigations."
("Memory, Trauma Treatment, and the Law" p. 383-384 )

"The base rates for memory commission errors are quite low, at least in
professional trauma treatment. The base rates in adult misinformation studies
run between zero and 5 percent for adults and between 3 - 5 percent for
children. ("Memory, Trauma Treatment, and the Law"  p.370-381)

"Occasional unwitting misleading suggestions (Yapko, 1994a), even the
suggestion of a diagnosis of abuse, cannot adequately explain illusory
memories of child sexual abuse." (p. 379, "Memory, Trauma Treatment, and the
Law")

The following is from "Memory, Trauma Treatment and the Law" by Brown,
Scheflin and Hammond, C 1998, W. W. Norton Pub. Chapter 12, "The False Logic
of the False Memory Controversy and the Irrational Element in Scientific
Research on Memory" p. 383-384

"...In particular, the following positions asserted by extreme false memory
proponents are mistaken:

1. All or most therapists working with childhood sexual abuse believe in the
tape-recorder theory of memory.
2. Repressed memory does not exist, or, as Ofsche has stated, "repressed
memory is the scientific quackery of the twentieth century." (Ofsche, cited
in Loftus and Ketchum, 1994, p. 206)
3. There is only one "normal" model for memory, whether traumatic or
nontraumatic.
4. Memories of events are stored the way books are stored on library shelves
- as an entire unit.

Many trauma advocate and almost all memory researchers...adhere to a
multidimensional view of memory systems, and they correctly point out that
false memory advocates who apply research findings on normal autobiographical
memory to the domain of trauma have incorrectly assumed a unitary model of
memory....

There is a growing corpus of scientific and clinical data in support of the
view that traumatic experiences are encoded and stored both as behavioral
memory and verbal memory, and that in certain instances the implicit,
behavioral memory for the trauma make take primacy over the verbal memory in
the form of behavioral reenactment and intrusive reexperiencing..... normal
behavioral  memory in children and behavioral memory for trauma in children
and adults have been the subjects  of numerous scientific investigations.

Some false memory advocates consistently ignore these data. To ignore the
entire corpus of scientific data on implicit, behavioral memory because it
might lend credence to clinicians' description of unconcious behavioral
reenactments of trauma, which in turn might even justify memory recovery
techniques,  is poor science....Dismissing the validity of recovered memories
of abuse on the grounds that the memory is accompanied by somatic distress
(or a body memory) is neither logical nor scientific...Implicit memories,
which are not currently available to consciousness, nevertheless exert
influence on thoughts and behaviors (Graf & Masson 1993)..."

Dr. Jim Freisen's new book "The Truth About False Memory Syndrome,"
  "The number of studies which have subjected false memory syndrome to
scientific inquiry is zero. There is nothing scientific about it. There is
nothing which defines it. There is no list of symptoms which  describes it,
nor is there anything which helps us distinguish it from other syndromes. No
studies. No such thing. That's that. " (Pg. 16) Shepherd's House,  7136
Haskell St., #210, Van Nuys, CA 91406.

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