-Caveat Lector-
From: yair davidi <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Fri, 01 Oct 1999
Subj: Khazars-1
This articles is in 3 parts. It is mainly a reprint from the 2nd
issue of Tribesman. Many of you have seen most of it before. It is
being sent out due to requests. I have more information on the
subject which I hope to process after Succoth.
The articles is about the Khazars which is interesting in its own
right but it also contains information concerning the Israselite
origins of certain European peoples.
Following this article will follow a number of postings briefly
tracing Israelite groups from Scythia to western Europe. These
postings will also contain information concerning the Israelite
origins of western peoples.
THE KHAZARS: SOME NOTES FOR FURTHER STUDY.
The Khazars were a small but powerful people who once ruled over
portions of Russia and eastern Europe. They (or at least many of
their leaders) converted to Judaism, were eventually defeated and
disappeared. Their descendants were either assimilated amongst the
Jews or became Sabbath-keeping and other "divergent" christians
many (if not most) of whom in some way or other migrated to the
west and to North America. Other descendants of the Khazars may be
scattered throughout the former area of the U.S.S.R. and in
different parts of Europe.
THE NUMBERS OF THE KHAZARS WERE NOT GREAT. AN ESTIMATE SAYS THAT
THEY NUMBERED ABOUT 50,000. It may have been more but it could not
have been excessively so.
A knowledge of the Khazars is useful for several reasons. Evidence
exists that the Khazars were descended from the Lost Tribes of
Israel. There is also proof that they were related to peoples in
northwest Europe. It follows that evidence connecting northwest
Europeans to Israel is strengthened when cognizance is taken of the
Israelite ancestry of their Khazar brothers.
The Khazars and Anti-Semites.
Another reason for studying the Khazars is that anti-Semites and
some assimilationist Jews claim that the present-day Jews came from
the Khazars who they assume were non-Israelite. Anti-Semites use
their notion of the Khazars to allege that the Jews are impostors
and not true descendants of Israel. Some "Identity" groups also
make this allegation. So do the Arabs and some Negro anti-Semites.
In the past some assimilationist Jews used the Khazar idea to claim
that since their ancestors were not in Judah at a certain time
therefore they were not culpable for whatever the Jews may or may
not have done to the christian messiah.
There is also an ideaological component some people wanting to
present Judaism as a religion (more than an hereditary group) and
the Khazars as non-Jewish converts emphasizing the fact that
Judaism is open to all.
KOESTLER
There was a writer named Arthur Koestler who thought that by
showing the Jews to be descended from the Khazars the Gentiles
would stop hating the Jews since the Khazars were not in Palestine
when Jesus was there. Koestler read the sources but chose to
emphasize those that were in line with his goal and even these were
not so convincing. Even so the book of Koestler (The Thirteenth
Tribe) became a best seller and a favorite with anti-semites. The
book itself does not really prove anything but anti-semites love it
since it purports to show that the Jews are not really the chosen
people and this is therefore another reason to hate them.
Koestler did not believe in the Bible so he dismissed legends that
the Khazars were descended from the Lost Tribes as fantasies. He
was an atheist socialist or agnostic so any other "rational"
simplistic explanation was preferable to him and to his idealogical
goal.
Kostler should have realized that:
There are some types who will hate Jews no matter what.
Some who will always be sympathetic.
Some inbetween who can swing either way.
Even though some of the most vicious haters of the Jewish people
have been Christians so too most of the few friends and allies
the Jews have had have been those who believe in the Bible
-whether Christian or not.
The background for some of the ideas about the Khazars also
concerns the Karaites of Russia.
The Khazars and Karaites.
The Khazars ruled over many peoples some of whom were also
influenced by Hebraising tendencies. In Judaism at that time there
were two main streams. There were Rabbinical Jews who parallel the
Orthodox Jews of today. They believed in the Bible and in its
interpretation according to oral tradition. They were homogeneous
(and still are) and consistent in their basic beliefs and
practices. They usually managed to reach a consensus regarding the
practical application of Biblical injunctions. Another group were
the Karaites who claimed to believe only in Scripture. The
Karaites, however, were actually eclectic and widely divergent
amongst themselves in their interpretation of Scripture. The
Karaite movement in the modern sense had begun in the region of
present-day Iraq but its roots may be traced back to the Samaritans
and to the Sadducees and to other sects of former times.
Amongst the numerous groups subject to the Khazars were Tartars and
Turkish elements and some of these accepted the Karaite form of
religion. The Karaites of Russia eventually were not really Jews
but had freely intermarried with the Tartars and spoke a Tartar
dialect. Groups of Karaites were found in Lithuania and southern
Russia and the Crimea and at one stage even in Germany. Under the
Russian Czars the Jews were savagely persecuted and the Karaites
naturally wished to be exempt from anti-Jewish discrimination. The
Karaites therefore claimed to be descended from the Lost Ten Tribes
and not Judaeans and so could not be held responsible for the
crucifixion.
Crimean Tombstones and the Lost Ten Tribes.
In the Crimea certain tombstones, etc., were fabricated by a
wealthy Karaite scholar named Firkovitch. These tombstones bear
the names of people stating that they are descended from Tribes of
Israel exiled by Assyria. For a short period several leading
authorities were misled by this evidence and there were those who
maybe wanted to be misled in order to help the Karaites out of
their predicament. [Some sections of The Lost Ten Tribes however
really had once been in the Crimea and in other areas of southern
and eastern Russia.] Other Karaite figures both under the Russians
and under Hitler strove to prove that they were not racially of
Jewish or Israelite origin. Some of them were actively
anti-Semitic. PLEASE NOTE THAT TO BE CONSIDERED AN ISRAELITE CAN
BE DANGEROUS!! In some accounts of the Khazars it is sometimes
assumed that the Karaites descend from them. This assumption is
mistaken and misleading. THE KHAZARS WERE ADHERENTS OF THE
RABBINICAL FORM OF JUDAISM.
THE KARAITE Firkovitch had forged material BUT claims have been
made that only part of what he adduced as evidence was forged and
that part of it was genuine. This requires a separate study by
other people.
The Biblical Attitude to Converts in General.
Regarding conversion or simply the genuine acceptance of membership
in the Israelite community, Scripture has already spoken,
"Thou shalt neither vex a stranger, nor oppress him: for ye were
strangers in the land of Egypt" (Exodus 22;20).
"One ordinance shall be both for you of the congregation, and also
for the stranger that sojourneth with you, an ordinance for ever in
your generations: as ye are, so shall the stranger be before the
LORD. (Numbers 15;15).
"And it shall come to pass, that ye shall divide it by lot for an
inheritance unto you, and to the strangers that sojourn amongst
you, which shall beget children among you: and they shall be unto
you as born in the country among the children of Israel; they shall
have inheritance with you among the tribes of Israel (Ezekiel
47;22).
Khazar History.
A linguistic study (Baschmakoff, Paris 1937) based on place-names
indicated that the Khazars were connected with the region of
northern Mesopotamia and to Adiabene, i.e. to areas to which the
Lost Ten Tribes had been exiled in 730-720 b.c.e. Arab chroniclers
record the Khazars having been east of the Caspian Sea in the time
of Alexander the Great (Dunlop). They were said to have invaded
Armenia in ca.197-217 c.e. and to have been subjected by the
Armenians (Moses of Chorene). They assisted the Roman Emperor
Julian the Apostate in 363 c.e. and managed to conquer Armenia with
their ships dominating the Caspian Sea. The Caspian Sea was
formerly known as "The Khazar Sea". The Khazars were also known as
"Gazari" and as "Akatzyri" and "Agathyrsoi". In the past under the
name Agathyrsoi they had been variously reported in Thrace
(south-east Europe), in the Pontus (north-east Turkey), in Poland,
and towards the far north-eastern edge of the Baltic Sea shore.
The Khazars in Scotland
Servius on Virgil and Scottish sources said that the Picts of
Scotland were descended from a portion of the Agathyrsoi who
crossed the sea and conquered north Scotland.
Khazars in the west
In the period 350-450 c.e. the Huns from the area of Mongolia
advanced westward conquering other peoples and forcing them to
join their forces or flee before them. The Huns swept into Europe.
The Anglo-Saxon and related invasions of Britain in the 450s are
connected with the Huns aggression. Attila the Hun in ca. 434 c.e.
had made the Akartziri (Khazars) his tributaries and appointed his
first-born son Ellac as their king over them. The Akatziri
(Khazars) fought as Hun auxiliaries alongside the Black Huns and
Alans in Gaul. Upon Attila's death it has been presumed that they
returned to the Caucasus area.
The Khazars and the Anglo-Saxons?
One branch of the Khazars were known as Sabirs. A group of
"Sabarium" together with "Carnutum" had served in Gaul as Roman
mercenaries. These have been ascribed both Anglo-Saxon and Central
Asian origins (GDH vol.1, p.209 ff, vol.4 p.108 ff). They used the
runic "Ing" letter as their emblem. This sign is usually associated
with the Angles and is of Scandinavian origin.
Another portion of the Khazars were the White Ugrians whom the
Chinese described as tall, white-skinned, and green-eyed (McGovern
p.472). Even though the "White Ugrians" were white they did not
receive their name because of their color but due to their status
in the steppe area. The White Ugrians were called "white" because
they were the rulers. "Black" Ugrians were the subjects of the
"White" ones.
The Khazars themselves consisted (as we will see) of several groups
some of which were physically "white" while others were darkish.
Central Asian and Scythian history can be confusing since there
were many different groups each of which often had several names.
The names of one group were sometimes interchanged with that of
another due to conquest or assimilation or one group taking over
the former territory or status of the other.
The White Ugrians had been in that part of Scythia once ascribed
to the "Hugie" who were in effect the Franks who had later settled
in France. The White Ugrians ruled over a mixed Turkish and
Mongolian group known as the "Black" Ugrians. Another people once
confederated with the Khazars were the White Huns who were also
known as "Nephtali" and descend from the Nephtali Tribe of Israel.
With the break-up of the Hun Empire remnants of the Huns in the
east were absorbed by the "Turkish(?)" Juan-juan who became known
as the Avars. The name "Avar" or "Abar" had originally been one of
the names of the Naphtalite Huns but somehow it became applicable
to the Juan-juan who ruled over them.
As stated a people in East Scythia known as the Juan-juan had once
dominated the Khazars, White Ugrians, and Nephtalite Huns who
revolted. The Nephtalite Huns consisted of Nephtali and Danes
descendants of Dan. In the course of the revolt against the
Juan-juan most of the Nephtalite Huns moved westward eventually
reaching Scandinavia and settling in Norway and Denmark. In the
meanwhile the Khazars and White Ugrians defeated the Juan-juan (who
were now known as "Avars") and killed most of them. The remaining
"Avars" were accepted as leaders by the Black Ugrians who
previously had been "White Ugrian" vassals. The Black Ugrians
henceforth took the name "Avar" upon themselves and migrated to
Central Europe where in the period 550-769 c.e. they dominated
Hungary, Austria, and parts of Germany. Their kingdom was destroyed
by the Frankish Emperor Charlemagne. Their descendants are still to
be found in Austria and Germany.
Originally the name "Avar" ("Abar") had been that of the
Nephtalites, then it became that of the Juan-juan, then that of the
Black Ugrians. The recorded passsing over of the name to several
different groups is typical of the history of this region and era.
The 2nd edition of "The Tribes" is now available.
This work contains information of great interest
that you need to know.
By purchasing the book you will also be assisting
us to further this message.
"The Tribes" costs $30 or its equivalent in other currency.
The price includes postage by airmail. It may be ordered with
a check drawn on your local bank and sent to:
Yair Davidy
POB 595
Jerusalem 91004
Israel
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