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Monday, January 10 1:54 PM SGT

UN being sued for complicity in Rwanda genocide

SYDNEY, Jan 10 (AFP) -

The United Nations is to be sued for alleged complicity in the 1994 Rwandan
genocide in a landmark action driven by two Australian lawyers, it was
reported Monday.

Prominent London-based lawyer Geoffrey Robinson and former South Australian
state prosecutor Michael Hourigan are acting for two Rwandan women whose
families were among 800,000 predominantly Tutsi victims of the Hutu massacres.

UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan, who at the time of the genocide was head of
UN peacekeeping operations, is accused of ignoring warnings that the
massacres were already taking place and ignoring pleas for troops.

Hourigan, a former investigator with the UN International Criminal Tribunal
for Rwanda in Kigali, uncovered evidence showing UN headquarters received
advance warning of what was to happen, The Age of Melbourne reported Monday.

Hourigan, who quit the UN criminal tribunal in disgust at its inaction and
barriers to his investigation, now works for a law firm in Atlanta, Georgia,
The Age said.

The paper said it had received documents from Hourigan heavily implicating
Annan, and showing he received extensive warnings the genocide was taking
place.

He was told the Hutus were being exhorted by government-controlled radio to
kill the Tutsis.

One of the women, Anonciata Kavaruganda, is the widow of Rwandan Supreme
Court judge Joseph Kavaruganda, who was killed because he sympathised with
the Tutsis.

The other is Louise Mushikiwabo, sister of Lando Ndaswinga, the only Tutsi
member of a Hutu-dominated government, who was shot dead along with their
mother and his wife and two children.

The women say the UN soldiers who were assigned to protect them either ran
away or handed their families over to murderous Hutu militia.

Mrs. Kavaruganda says the Ghanaian UN soldiers who were supposed to protect
her and her family were drinking and socialising with the Hutus while she and
her children were being tortured.

Mrs. Mushikiwabo says the UN protecters simply ran away when their killers
came.

She told the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) last year that she was
very shocked -- "and I don't get shocked very much after the genocide" --
that someone in the UN system had such crucial information, including names
of the killers of her brother.

"Everyone knew in Kigali that Lando was threatened," she said.

But officials with authority to act had failed to give warning to a person
they knew to be in imminent danger, she said.

Hourigan found a cable sent by the UN commander in Rwanda, Canadian general
Romeo Dallaire, to UN headquarters warning that UN forces in Rwanda would
"hand over these local people for inevitable killing rather than use their
weapons to save (them)."

One cable sent to UN headquarters on April 17, 10 days after the killings
began, said: "The ethnic cleansing continues and may in fact be
accelerating... Bodies litter the streets and pose a significant health
hazard."

It said the government-controlled radio station was broadcasting
"inflammatory speeches and songs exhorting the population to destroy all
Tutsis..."

Dallaire's cable, headed "most immediate" begged for more troops, saying:
"The force simply cannot continue to sit on the fence in the face of all of
these morally legitimate demands for assistance."

It was received in New York three days before the UN Security Council met to
consider what to do about Rwanda, but its contents were never given to the
Security Council.

Another cable, sent on April 21, said UN troops were "exhausted, confused,
concerned and questioning the responsibility of their superiors as to what
they are doing."

Annan last month expressed his "deep remorse" following a report which blamed
the UN for failing to prevent the Rwanda genocide.





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