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Forwarded from the New Paradigms Project [Not Necessarily Endorsed]:
From: Paul Wolf <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: George Orwell to Hoover: Please Endorse My Book
Date: Wednesday, January 05, 2000 9:45 PM
George Orwell to Hoover: Please Endorse My Book
Author's Publicist Sent 1984 to FBI Director
Sept. 20, 1999 By Janon Fisher
NEW YORK (APBnews.com) -- In what could have been the ultimate marketing coup,
the publisher of George Orwell's novel 1984 asked America's incarnation of Big Brother,
FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, to endorse the book.
According to Orwell's FBI file, released under the U.S. Freedom of Information Act,
Hoover declined. Instead, Hoover filed the request in a dossier he created on Orwell.
FBI files show that in April 1949, Eugene Reynal, vice president of Harcourt, Brace and
Co., wrote Hoover, arguably the incarnation of Orwell's authoritarian bureaucracy, for
his thumbs up on the book.
Related Document:
George Orwell's FBI File
"We hope you might be interested in helping to call this book to the attention of the
American public, and thus perhaps helping to halt totalitarianism," Reynal wrote.
Did Hoover read the book?
While it isn't clear what Hoover thought of the book, or even if he read Orwell's
fictionalized account of an out-of-control totalitarian government, the file shows that
Hoover's opinion was beside the point.
Endorsements were against bureau policy.
Thus, fans of the English novelist may never know whether Hoover objected to
Orwell's placement of the Thought Police under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of
Love.
But Hoover, in a very un-Orwellian move, said 'No' politely.
"While I am looking forward to reading the book at the earliest opportunity, you are
advised that in accordance with a long-standing policy I have refrained from lending
my endorsement to commercial publications, and I am sure you will understand my
inability to make an exception in this instance," Hoover replied.
The copy of the book Reynal sent to Hoover wound up in the FBI library.
U.S. 'has no equals' in wiretapping
Nevertheless, the bureau stayed on top of the situation.
Another internal memo in the file with the subject heading "Smear Campaign/
Committee for a return to the homeland internal security," discussed an article in
a Russian-language newspaper arguing that 1984 was a portrayal of life in the
United States.
"Let us give what is due to the Hoovers," the memo states. "The mechanization
of police surveillance of average Americans has assumed imposing proportions,
especially in the technique of listening in on telephone conversations. This art has
reached fabulous heights in the United States."
The article concludes that "there is one field in the American life that never yet has
suffered a decline, but is flourishing year after year. It is police surveillance and
investigation. Indeed, in this field, America has surpassed the world and has no
equals."
Though the bureau might have looked on the Russian article as part of a smear
campaign -- as its FBI categorization suggests -- there was more than a grain of
truth to its assertions.
According to The FBI Comprehensive Reference Guide, Congress banned wire-
tapping in 1934. But President Franklin D. Roosevelt gave a secret directive that
allowed the bureau to tap phone lines with the attorney general's permission. The
"Black Bag Jobs" described in the guide required FBI operatives to illegally break
into residences and offices targeted for surveillance.
Big Brother Jr.
Other Orwellian advancements in government monitoring of citizenry have kept up
with the times.
According to press reports, the National Security Agency operates a global spy system
code-named ECHELON, which coordinates intelligence-gathering by spy agencies in
Canada, New Zealand, Australia and Great Britain.
Under the program, the agencies share intelligence-gathering duties and some of
the intercepted information. In general, each country limits spying on its own
citizens.
However, a former Canadian intelligence official has claimed the British government
once got around the rules by using Canada's Communications Security Establishment
to collect intelligence on British citizens.
Orwell's offspring
If not for the original appearance of Big Brother, Orwell's prophetic book might now
seem cliche. Movies today, such as Enemy of the State or The Truman Show,
continue to delve into the issue of government invasion of privacy.
"Nothing will be your own, private, exclusive, except a few cubic centimeters inside
your cranium," Orwell wrote.
Orwell's earlier novel Animal Farm also caught the FBI director's eye. The Orwell file
includes several pages of Hoover's press clippings and memos on the radical left's
denouncements of the book.
According to the citations in Orwell's FBI dossier, the English author's books appealed
to activists of all stripes. On the last page of the file -- a memo on the bombing of
the
U.S. Air Force Academy's officer's mess by a group calling itself "Americong" --
Orwell is quoted again with an excerpt from 1984.
"[I]n a physical sense war involves very small numbers of people, mostly highly trained
specialists. The fighting ... takes place on the vague frontiers whose whereabouts the
average man can only guess."
Janon Fisher is an APBnews.com staff member ([EMAIL PROTECTED]).
http://www.apbnews.com/media/gfiles/orwell/index.html
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