.............................................................. >From the New Paradigms Project [Not Necessarily Endorsed]: Conspiracy Shopping Cart: http://a-albionic.com/shopping.html From: radman <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: [LeftLibertarian] technology of political control Date: Saturday, April 22, 2000 8:57 PM radman says: read the entire document at <http://cryptome.org/stoa-atpc.htm>. table of contents and introduction only below (footnotes not included). ==================================================== CONTENTS Abstract Executive Summary Acknowledgements Table of Charts and Figures 1 Introduction 1 2 Role and Function of Political Control Technologies 3 3 Recent Trends and Innovations 6 4 Developments in Surveillance Technology 15 5 Innovations in Crowd Control Weapons 22 6 New Prison Control Systems 40 7 Interrogation, Torture Techniques and Technologies 44 8 Regulation of Horizontal Proliferation 53 9 Conclusions 59 10 Notes and References 60 11 Bibliography [Separate file (85K); Zip-compressed version 32K] 73 Appendix 1. Military, Security & Police Fairs. [Not provided with report] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ INTRODUCTION The purpose of this report is to explore the most recent developments in the technology of political control and the major consequences associated with their integration into processes and strategies of policing and internal control. A brief look at the historical development of this concept is instructive. Twenty five years ago, the British Society for Social Responsibility in Science warned that a new technology of repression was being spawned in an effort to contain the conflict in Northern Ireland. (B.S.S.R.S., 1972). In 1977, members of BSSRS took this concept further in a seminal work, the Technology of Political Control (Ackroyd et. al., 1977). BSSRS analysed the role and function of this technology in terms of a new apparatus largely created as a result of research and development undertaken as part of Britain's colonial wars, (most recently in the ongoing Northern Ireland conflict), and whose main purpose was quelling internal dissent. According to critical U.S. NGO research organisations of that period such as NARMIC & NACLA, work on this technology of political control was further enhanced by technical developments achieved by the United States' military industrial complex, largely as a result of the extended global military interests of the U.S., and its deployment of highly technocratic counter insurgency doctrines, particularly during the.Vietnam War.1 Up until that period, shrewd commentators on technology and society such as Haabermas Ellul (1964) recognised the potential risk of a specific loss of traditional freedoms and civil liberties associated with broad technological advances in the future, such as surveillance. However, BSSRS was the first group of scientists and technologists to identify and characterise a whole class of technology whose principal designated function was to achieve social and political control. In Ackroyd et. al (1977), BSSRS. defined the technology of political control as "a new type of weaponry." "It is the product of the application of science and technology to the problem of neutralising the state's internal enemies. It is mainly directed at civilian populations, and is not intended to kill (and only rarely does). It is aimed as much at hearts and minds as at bodies." For BSSRS, "This new weaponry ranges from means of monitoring internal dissent to devices for controlling demonstrations; from new techniques of interrogation to methods of prisoner control. The intended and actual effects of these new technological aids are both broader and more complex than the more lethal weaponry they complement." The concept of technology has many and varied interpretations. As emphasised in the interim report (Omega 1996), the definition adopted for the purposes of this work encompasses not just the 'hardware' - the tools, instruments, machines, appliances, weapons and gadgets (i.e. the apparatus of technical performance); but also the associated standard operating procedures, routines, skills, techniques (the software); and the related forms of rationalised human social organisations, arrangements, systems and networks (the liveware) of any programme of political control.2 In other words, it is insufficient to describe developments in a purely technical sense, it is also necessary to consider these technologies as social and political factors.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Ignorance is the problem. Be part of the solution. Help us to educate hundreds of thousands of monthly visitors by joining the discussion at ENN.com. 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