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-----

Federal Reserve


The End of Gradualism



by Paul Erdman

SAN FRANCISCO (CBS.MW) -- Next week, the Federal Reserve will abandon its
policy of gradualism in its effort to contain inflation.

The potential for rising cost inflation stemming from the tightest labor
market most of us have ever seen is now so great that the Fed can and must
get aggressive.

Granted, its policy of gradualism, raising the Federal funds rate five times
in this cycle by the minimum 25 basis points, has so far worked brilliantly.
Growth has remained amazingly robust, unemployment has sunk to 3.9 percent
and inflation -- until very recently -- has remained under control.

But the potential for rising cost inflation stemming from the tightest labor
market most of us have ever seen is now so great that the Fed can and must
get aggressive.

The Fed is unique among the central banks of the Big Three in the world
economy -- the other two world financial leaders are the European Union and
Japan -- in that, as a result of our being in a full-employment economy, it
has the freedom to practice classic monetary policy.

The European Central Bank cannot because of continuing high unemployment in
Europe.
Germany is rejoicing today because there is new evidence that its
unemployment rate is falling. It is also falling in France. What remain,
however, are a 9.9 percent unemployment rate in Germany and a 10 percent
jobless rate in France.

There is no way that the central bank in Frankfurt could start to
aggressively jack up interest rates under such conditions -- even though
"classic" economic policy would require it to pre-empt rising imported
inflation by raising interest rates to a level that would lead to capital
inflows sufficient to revive the collapsed euro.

Japan�s liquidity trap

Japan is equally impotent where monetary policy is concerned. It is still
caught in a liquidity trap where the supply of funds so exceeds demand that
short-term interest rates are zero. There is not even a string to push on
there.

But with conditions as they are stateside, our Fed has a completely free hand.

But hold on, you say. We have been told that Alan Greenspan is a gradualist.
Oh yeah? Check his record.

Big rate hikes are nothing new

The last time Greenspan got really nasty was in 1994. At first, he applied
gradualism, raising the Fed funds rate by 25 basis points three times during
the first four months of that year. Then he opened fire. In May, the Fed
hiked the rate by 50 basis points, in August another 50, followed by 75 basis
points in November and, for good measure, another 50 in February of 1995.

To be sure, the situation today is by no means as acute as it was then. And,
I know, there's an election this fall. And, yes, the U.S. stock market is
faltering.

But the American people, as usual, have got it right: When asked in a recent
poll what they thought would hurt them most, rising inflation or a falling
stock market, rising inflation won hands down.

Investors have good historical reasons to vote the same way. Time and time
again, they have found out that low inflation is always good for stocks in
the long run.
CBS Market Watch, May 9, 2000
-----
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