------- Forwarded message follows ------- Date sent: 7 Jul 2000 09:55:18 -0000 To: List Member <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> From: "Common Courage Political Literacy Course" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: US Bio Exports to Iraq Common Courage Political Literacy Course - http://www.commoncouragepress.com +---------------------------------------------------------+ C O M M O N C O U R A G E P R E S S' Political Literacy Email Course A backbone of facts to stand up to spineless power. +---------------------------------------------------------+ July 7, 2000 === US Bio Exports to Iraq === In his January 1998 State of the Union address, President Clinton spoke of how we must "confront the new hazards of chemical and biological weapons, and the outlaw states, terrorists and organized criminals seeking to acquire them." He castigated Iraq for "developing nuclear, chemical and biological weapons" and called for strengthening the Biological Weapons Convention. Who among his listeners knew, who among the media reported, that the United States had been the supplier to Iraq of much of the source biological materials Saddam Hussein's scientists required to create a biological warfare program? According to reports of a US Senate Committee in 1994: From 1985, if not earlier, through 1989, a veritable witch's brew of biological materials were exported to Iraq by private American suppliers pursuant to application and licensing by the US Department of Commerce. Amongst these materials, which often produce slow, agonizing deaths, were: Bacillus anthracis, cause of anthrax. Clostridium botulinum, a source of botulinum toxin. Histoplasma capsulatam, cause of a disease attacking lungs, brain, spinal cord and heart. Brucella melitensis, a bacteria that can damage major organs. Clostridium perfringens, a highly toxic bacteria causing systemic illness. Clostridium tetani, highly toxigenic. Also, Escherichia coli (E.coli); genetic materials; human and bacterial DNA. Dozens of other pathogenic biological agents were shipped to Iraq during the 1980s. The Senate Report pointed out that "These biological materials were not attenuated or weakened and were capable of reproduction." "It was later learned," the committee stated, "that these microorganisms exported by the United States were identical to those the United Nations inspectors found and removed from the Iraqi biological warfare program." The report noted further that US exports to Iraq included the precursors to chemical-warfare agents, plans for chemical and biological warfare production facilities and chemical-warhead filling equipment. These exports continued to at least November 28, 1989 despite the fact that Iraq had been reported to be engaging in chemical warfare and possibly biological warfare against Iranians, Kurds and Shiites since the early 1980s as part of its war with Iran. Presumably, Iraq's use of these weapons against Iran is what Washington expected would happen. -From "Rogue State," by William Blum http://www.commoncouragepress.com/blum_rogue.html ================================================================================ ============== Free Book Online: "Colombia," by Javier Giraldo This book, published by Common Courage Press in 1996, is no longer in print. However, in view of continuing violence in Colombia and recent proposals by the US Government to increase military aid, we are making it freely available online. http://www.commoncouragepress.com/colombia/ ================================================================================ ============== ================================================================================ ============== This is the free Political Literacy Course from Common Courage Press: A backbone of facts to stand up to spineless power. 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But it's also intended as political fertilizer: feel free to spread it around! ______________________________________________________________________ To unsubscribe, write to [EMAIL PROTECTED] ------- End of forwarded message ------- A<>E<>R ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Forwarded as information only; no endorsement to be presumed + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. section 107, this material is distributed without charge or profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving this type of information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Integrity has no need of rules. -Albert Camus (1913-1960) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + The only real voyage of discovery consists not in seeking new landscapes but in having new eyes. -Marcel Proust ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The libertarian therefore considers one of his prime educational tasks is to spread the demystification and desanctification of the State among its hapless subjects. 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