[This is a related sidebar to the article I posted earlier today,
"Opening the Gates Wider."]
ABC News
Distinct Clinton Legacy
The latest high-performance computer export regulation changes,
along with previous deregulation, are one of the most clear-cut
legacies of President Clinton�s eight years in office � and one
he sought right from the start.
�One reason I ran for President was to tailor export controls to
the realities of a post-Cold War world,� Clinton, during his
first year in office, wrote Edward McCracken, then CEO of Silicon
Graphics.
�Let me assure you that I am personally committed to developing a
more intelligent export policy, one that prevents dangerous
technologies from falling into the wrong hands without unfairly
burdening American commerce,� Clinton wrote.
During both Clinton administrations, as capabilities
significantly increased for desktop, laptop, and supercomputers,
the administration relaxed government controls and security
reviews of computer exports to nearly all countries.
Hundreds of high-performance computers would be exported to
banks, educational institutions, research labs, governments and
other buyers around the world.
China would become a leading destination. While the Pentagon
believed there was not a single high-performance computer in
China before 1995, hundreds of mostly lower-level U.S. machines
would be sold there by 1999 without a license.
When Clinton took office in 1993, the United States controlled
nearly all computer exports with a capacity of 12.5 MTOPS.
The administration first relaxed the restrictions in 1995,
varying the new limits based on four groupings of countries, the
estimated number of operations per second the computer could
perform, and whether the user would be a civilian or military
entity.
While the seven Tier IV countries (Iraq, Iran, Libya, North
Korea, Cuba, Sudan and Syria) would have no access to U.S. HPCs,
exports to countries in Tier III, which include many aspiring or
de facto nuclear weapons states, would be allowed, but closely
watched, particularly if the user was military.
As computers developed in capability, that special scrutiny,
licenses and security reviews, would be removed by the
administration for increasingly higher levels of computer
performance.
By 1999, the Commerce Department had approved more than $7
billion worth of high-performance computers for China, according
to Gary Milhollin, director of the Wisconsin Project for Nuclear
Arms Control.
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Kadosh, Kadosh, Kadosh, YHVH, TZEVAOT
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*Mike Spitzer* <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
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The Best Way To Destroy Enemies Is To Change Them To Friends
Shalom, A Salaam Aleikum, and to all, A Good Day.
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