-Caveat Lector-

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A14091-2000Nov13.html

Judge Hints At Extension For Recount

Washington Post Staff Writer
Tuesday, November 14, 2000; Page A01


TALLAHASSEE, Nov. 13 � A state judge today expressed doubts about
the Florida secretary of state's contention that local election
officials must deliver their final results by 5 p.m. Tuesday,
indicating that he may grant them more time to conduct their
ballot-by-ballot recounts. Volusia County, where election workers
are racing to examine 184,000 ballots, filed the lawsuit in an
effort to overturn the Tuesday deadline. It was joined by Palm
Beach County, the Gore campaign and the Florida Democratic Party.

The Bush campaign entered the case on the side of the Florida
government and went one step further, asking the judge to stop
manual recount results from being included in the final statewide
totals, even if they are completed before the deadline. But Leon
County Circuit Court Judge Terry P. Lewis repeatedly questioned
the conclusion of Secretary of State Katherine Harris that state
law gave her no flexibility in applying the one-week deadline.

Lewis noted that Harris intends to certify the results available
by Tuesday's deadline but cannot declare a final winner until the
remaining absentee ballots are counted on Friday or Saturday.

"So you do a certification and you don't say who the winner is?"
asked Lewis. "What's the good of doing a certification ahead of
time?"

State lawyer Deborah Kearney, seemingly caught off guard, said
state election law requires that results be certified seven days
after a vote and was not intended "to allow recounts to go on and
on and on." She asked, "Where's the ending of it?"

Lawyers for Volusia County, which has nearly completed its hand
count, asked Lewis to extend the deadline until Saturday. Dexter
Douglas, representing Gore, asked for an extension until Nov. 21.
A third lawyer said the counting should end "when the court
thinks it should end."

At issue are several sections of Florida's election law that seem
in conflict. In one section setting out the deadline for
officially certifying election returns, the law says county
returns must be filed by 5 p.m. of the seventh day, and � if they
are not � the missing results "shall be ignored." But another
section of the law, enacted later, uses more permissive language,
saying that if county board fail to file their results, those
returns "may be ignored."

A separate part of the law sets out the laborious procedure for
requesting and conducting a hand recount, including first
conducting a test of at least three precincts and then, if
needed, redoing the full county. But that section does not
specify how conducting the recount fits into the deadline for
certifying the vote.

Harris said her study of state election law tells her she has no
discretion over today's certification deadline except in cases of
natural disaster. An elected Republican active in the Bush
presidential campaign, Harris said in a statement that the
electoral process is a balance between a voter's right to be
heard and the public's right to a "clear, final result within a
reasonable time."

But Lewis, asking Harris about the "may be ignored" language,
said, "It doesn't mean it has to be ignored?"

"That's right," Kearney replied.

The judge wondered aloud about the schedule, set out in the
election law, that gives a disappointed candidate 72 hours after
polls close to request an automatic recount. That recount, as in
this case, can trigger reviews, preliminary recounts and a series
of options that can easily take more than a week to play out.

"How could you ever envision a large county having a manual
recount if anyone asks for it?" Lewis asked at one point.

Lawyers for the state and the Bush campaign argued that Lewis
would be wrong to intervene in a local question. At the same
time, they said, the four counties lack the authority to grant a
manual recount because the alleged irregularities in the vote
were not serious enough to warrant such a review. They also
contended that counting four counties out of 67 in Florida would
be unfair.

The lawyers also said the election laws clearly reflect the
legislature's desire to bring elections to a timely conclusion.
"The public interest is in resolution. The public interest is in
restraint," said John Sjostrom, a private lawyer retained by
Harris's office.

Democrats contended that the election laws provide room for a
manual recount and said that certifying the election results
without waiting for the manual vote counts would "cut everybody
off at the knees," as Gore lawyer Douglas put it. Lawyers cited a
series of legal opinions where Florida courts concluded that the
importance of the public's right to be heard trumped the details
of state law.

"It is not only unjust, but it flies in the face of these cases.
It flies in the face of common sense," said Douglas. He urged
Lewis not to yield to a "super-technical interpretation of
Florida law."

In a 1975 case cited by Democrats, the Florida Supreme Court
warned that "absolute strict compliance" with state law could
reach "absurd proportions."

"In short," the court said, "a fair election and honest return
should be considered as paramount in importance to minor
requirements which prescribe the formal steps to reach that end."

At one point, Lewis asked whether there is a deadline for the
three-member Florida state canvassing commission to complete its
work, the final step in the election process.

Florida government attorneys said certification by the state
commission should come immediately after Harris relayed the
totals to them. The Democrats suggested that the commission had
until Dec. 12, six days before the Electoral College meets.

As the lawyers argued, the recounting proceeded. In Broward, the
count of about 4,000 ballots in three test precincts got underway
around 3:30, with officials adopting a "two-corner test" for
determining whether ballots that were not counted as registering
a presidential vote on the machine review had actually been
punched through.

Under that test, the rectangular "chad" would have to be released
from at least two corners. By contrast, in Palm Beach, a single
corner detached was enough evidence for a ballot to be counted.
Election workers, toiling in six teams of two each � overseen by
a Republican and Democratic outside observer � went through their
stack of ballots with Gore posting a net gain of four votes.

Eventually, the county canvassing board voted not to proceed with
a review of the full county, prompting vows from Democrats to
take the matter to court.

In Volusia County to the north, a two-day review of all votes
county-wide produced little change. With 140 of 172 precincts
completely counted and reviewed, the canvassing board had awarded
Gore 278 more votes than he had in the initial count, and Bush
254 more, a net gain of 24 votes for the vice president.

Palm Beach County plans to begin the enormous process of counting
all 460,000 ballots by hand Tuesday morning, while Miami-Dade
officials will take up the Democrats' request for review at that
time.


� 2000 The Washington Post Company


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