-Caveat Lector-

From
http://www.observer.co.uk/international/story/0,6903,605798,00.html

}}}>Begin
Journal axes gene research on Jews and Palestinians
Robin McKie, science editor
Sunday    November  25, 2001
The Observer
A keynote research paper showing that Middle Eastern Jews and
Palestinians are genetically almost identical has been pulled from a
leading journal.
Academics who have already received copies of Human Immunology have
been urged to rip out the offending pages and throw them away.
Such a drastic act of self-censorship is unprecedented in research
publishing and has created widespread disquiet, generating fears that
it may involve the suppression of scientific work that questions
Biblical dogma.
'I have authored several hundred scientific papers, some for Nature
and Science, and this has never happened to me before,' said the
article's lead author, Spanish geneticist Professor Antonio Arnaiz-
Villena, of Complutense University in Madrid. 'I am stunned.'
British geneticist Sir Walter Bodmer added: 'If the journal didn't
like the paper, they shouldn't have published it in the first place.
Why wait until it has appeared before acting like this?'
The journal's editor, Nicole Sucio-Foca, of Columbia University, New York, claims the 
article provoked such a welter of complaints over its extreme political writing that 
she was forced to repudiate it. The article has be
en removed from Human Immunology's website, while letters have been written to 
libraries and universities throughout the world asking them to ignore or 'preferably 
to physically remove the relevant pages'. Arnaiz-Villena
has been sacked from the journal's editorial board.
Dolly Tyan, president of the American Society of Histocompatibility and 
Immunogenetics, which runs the journal, told subscribers that the society is 'offended 
and embarrassed'.
The paper, 'The Origin of Palestinians and their Genetic Relatedness with other 
Mediterranean Populations', involved studying genetic variations in immune system 
genes among people in the Middle East.
In common with earlier studies, the team found no data to support the idea that Jewish 
people were genetically distinct from other people in the region. In doing so, the 
team's research challenges claims that Jews are a s
pecial, chosen people and that Judaism can only be inherited.
Jews and Palestinians in the Middle East share a very similar gene pool and must be 
considered closely related and not genetically separate, the authors state. Rivalry 
between the two races is therefore based 'in cultural
 and religious, but not in genetic differences', they conclude.
But the journal, having accepted the paper earlier this year, now claims the article 
was politically biased and was written using 'inappropriate' remarks about the 
Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Its editor told the journal
 Nature last week that she was threatened by mass resignations from members if she did 
not retract the article.
Arnaiz-Villena says he has not seen a single one of the accusations made against him, 
despite being promised the opportunity to look at the letters sent to the journal.
He accepts he used terms in the article that laid him open to criticism. There is one 
reference to Jewish 'colonists' living in the Gaza strip, and another that refers to 
Palestinian people living in 'concentration' camps
.
'Perhaps I should have used the words settlers instead of colonists, but really, what 
is the difference?' he said.
'And clearly, I should have said refugee, not concentration, camps, but given that I 
was referring to settlements outside of Israel - in Syria and Lebanon - that scarcely 
makes me anti-Jewish. References to the history of
 the region, the ones that are supposed to be politically offensive, were taken from 
the Encyclopaedia Britannica, and other text books.'
In the wake of the journal's actions, and claims of mass protests about the article, 
several scientists have now written to the society to support Arnaiz-Villena and to 
protest about their heavy-handedness.
One of them said: 'If Arnaiz-Villena had found evidence that Jewish people were 
genetically very special, instead of ordinary, you can be sure no one would have 
objected to the phrases he used in his article. This is a ve
ry sad business.'
Special reports
Israel and the Middle East
War in Afghanistan
Interactive guide
How the Israelis and Palestinians came to war
Weblog
The best journalism on the conflict, from around the web
Useful links
Middle East Media Research Institute
Government of Israel
Jewish virtual library: biography of Rehavam Zeevi
Office of the Israeli prime minister
Palestinian National Authority
Palestinian Ministry of Information
Ha'aretz newspaper
Jerusalem Post
Palestine Times
Peacewatch

End<{{{
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