-Caveat Lector-

I found this on Yahoo! News, but the original source is Forbes.com, so I
wanted to go to the source. Reading their schtuff online requires free
registration, FWIW.

- jt

--
http://forbes.com/forbes/2002/0708/062.html

On My Mind
Beware the Cyber Cops
Jonathan Zittrain, 07.08.02

Even with safeguards, allowing the government to store Internet traffic is
an awful idea.

Our desire to form a cocoon against terrorists is understandable. But what
little policy we've seen from the Justice Department seems to deal with
terrorism as a medieval king would take on would-be assassins: ever-tighter
boundaries around our national castle and increased surveillance and
suspicion within. We should resist the notion that such heightened scrutiny,
especially if inconspicuous to the public, carries no significant cost to
law-abiding citizens.

Consider the range of proposals for unobtrusive but sweeping Internet
monitoring. Most of them are doable as a technical matter, and all of them
would be unnoticeable to us as we surf. Forbes columnist Peter Huber's idea
is perhaps the most distilled version. Call it the return of the lock box.
He asks for massive government data vaults, routinely receiving copies of
all Internet traffic--e-mails, Web pages, chats, mouse clicks, shopping,
pirated music--for later retrieval should the government decide it needs
more information to solve a heinous crime. (See the Nov. 12 column at
forbes.com/huber .)

The idea might sound innocuous because the data collected would remain
unseen by prying eyes until a later search, commenced only after legal
process, is thought to require it. Make no mistake, however: The idealized
digital lock box and many sibling proposals are fundamentally terrible
ideas. Why?

First, because supply creates demand. As soon as comprehensive databases of
the public's communications or activities exist, the pressures to use them
for purposes beyond those for which they were chartered will be inexorable.
We might, for instance, create a database of all available e-mail traffic
that would be searched for conspirators in a major terrorist act. But such a
lode will surely be sought by defense attorneys--which means private parties
coming to learn what's inside.

Law enforcement will want to try to track down murderers, deadbeat dads or
even those who use file-swapping services to trade copyrighted music. (Yes,
illicitly swapping enough copyrighted files is a crime.) What was intended
as an emergency tool for limited cases will, by its own breadth of coverage
and success at limited purposes, become commonplace for any behavior deemed
harmful.

This is all the more worrisome considering the potential for misuse by those
with access to gathered data. Our investigative authorities may be quite
happy to ignore warrant requirements to develop intelligence--even if it
means an inability to use the resulting evidence in court. And a system so
convenient to use, evincing no visible intrusion upon those surveilled,
serves as an irresistible invitation for purposes beyond those authorized.

To make snooping routine, rather than a reaction to a reasonable suspicion
of particular wrongdoers, is the sine qua non of a police state. It means
spying on people otherwise presumed innocent, since it means spying on
everyone. It is precisely the shackles the populations of the East cast
aside with the fall of the Soviet Union. For good reason did the framers of
our Bill of Rights circumscribe what can be collected by authorities in the
first place, rather than merely limit the uses of that data.

Most important, ubiquitous snooping calls into question our American
identity. Suppose we could design a car that would report speeding the
moment a driver exceeded the limit by more than 10mph, or that detected a
driver's intoxication. A ticket could be automatically sent by mail, or a
police officer summoned to the scene. Most Americans would cringe at such
ideas despite their appeal. Freedom includes the choice to be a law-abiding
citizen in lots of ways, realizing that only the most persistent or terrible
misdeeds are eventually called to account. When we don't cheat on our taxes
or steal from our workplaces, it's because we choose to be good--not because
we're under constant threat of being caught and punished.

We must not allow our legitimate fright after last September's events to
lead us into a sense that civil liberties are dispensable luxuries. Lock
boxes should be saved for our material possessions, not the expressions of
our thoughts and ideals.

Jonathan Zittrain, Harvard law professor; codirector, Berkman Center for
Internet & Society.

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