-Caveat Lector-

Subject
From

Guests who stayed overnight in the White House from Jan. 20, 2001, to May 1, 2002
http://webcenter.newssearch.netscape.com/aolns_display.adp?key=
200208162154000109974_aolns.src

Ex-General Says Wargames Were Rigged
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A27728-2002Aug16.html

Vivendi considers demerger of US assets
http://news.ft.com/servlet/ContentServer?
pagename=FT.com/StoryFT/FullStory&c=StoryFT&cid=1028185823213&p=
1012571727088

Saudis 'should reconsider US ties'
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/2198156.stm


The  Powell Doctrine:Baghdad/Jenin/My Lai
http://www.antiwar.com/orig/wokusch4.html
by Heather Wokusch
August 17, 2002

With the US poised to attack Iraq, it's helpful to recall what pushed  us over the 
brink last
time ... the invisible steps and the unspoken consequences.

In the fall of 1990, when the US Congress was debating going to war, Amnesty
International (AI) released an explosive report detailing how Iraqi soldiers had taken
Kuwaiti babies out of incubators and left them to die on hospital floors. Many US 
Senators
later claimed it was the Amnesty "dead baby" report that finally convinced them to use
vicious force against the Iraqis.

Minor glitch. It was soon revealed that the Amnesty report was a complete sham - 
Kuwaiti
propaganda put together by the PR firm Hill & Knowlton. The Summer 2002 edition of
Covert Action Quarterly describes how political infighting at AI had pitted a board 
member
(who said the report was too "sloppy" and "inaccurate" to release) against a high-level
official at Amnesty UK, now suspected of having been an undercover British intelligence
agent, who released the sham report anyway.

Regardless, the attack on Iraq had already begun and television viewers worldwide were
absorbing endless footage of laser-guided bombs, pinpoint missiles and other" precision
warfare" that miraculously seemed to destroy machinery without harming civilians. Back
home, flag-waving hysteria followed Operation Desert Storm to its climax, and returning
conquerors, including then Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Colin Powell, were 
feted as
national heroes.

Minor glitch. A few months later it was revealed that actually 100,000 to 200,000 
Iraqis,
many of them unarmed civilians, had died during the six-week attack, including tens of
thousands mowed down in aerial assaults as they were trying to flee along what became
nicknamed "The Highway of Death."

Equating civilians and combatants is integral to "The Powell Doctrine" which recommends
using overwhelming force on the enemy, regardless of civilian casualties. In his
autobiography, Colin Powell discusses the Vietnam War and explains the benefits of
destroying the food and homes of villagers who might sympathize with the Viet Cong: "We
burned the thatched huts, starting the blaze with Ronson and Zippo lighters ... Why 
were
we torching houses and destroying crops? Ho Chi Minh had said people were like the sea 
in
which his guerillas swam. We tried to solve the problem by making the whole sea
uninhabitable. In the hard logic of war, what difference does it make if you shot your 
enemy
or starved him to death?"

Unmentioned is the moral implication of targeting civilians, or why doing so would make
them want to sympathize with the US.

A few years later, Colin Powell was an up-and-coming staff officer, assigned to the
Americal headquarters at Chu Lai, Vietnam. He was put in charge of handling a young
soldier, Tom Glen, who had written a letter accusing the Americal division of routine
brutality against Vietnamese civilians; the letter was detailed, its allegations 
horrifying, and
its contents echoed complaints received from other soldiers. Rather than speaking to 
Glen
about the letter, however, Powell's response was to conduct a cursory investigation
followed by a report faulting Glen, and concluding, "In direct refutation of this 
(Glen's)
portrayal, is the fact that relations between Americal soldiers and the Vietnamese 
people
are excellent."

Minor glitch. Soon after, news surfaced about the Americal division's criminal 
brutality at My
Lai, in which 347 unarmed civilians were massacred; Powell's memoirs fail to mention 
the
Glen incident.

Fast forward to April 2002, and having risen to Secretary of State, Colin Powell 
reported to
a US congressional panel about his visit to the Jenin refugee camp, site of a recent 
Israeli
attack. Powell testified, "I've seen no evidence of mass graves ... no evidence that 
would
suggest a massacre took place ... Clearly people died in Jenin - people who were 
terrorists
died in Jenin - and in the prosecution of that battle innocent lives may well have 
been lost."
In the same vein, Amnesty International issued a short release stating that while it
appeared "serious breaches of international human rights and humanitarian law were
committed ... only an independent international commission of inquiry can establish 
the full
facts and the scale of these violations." For its part, the White House also claimed 
more
facts were needed, and then Bush called Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon a "man of
peace."

So in essence, the whole Jenin attack would need to be swept under the carpet because
(since Israel had not allowed a UN investigation and NGOs had come up with very little)
there was not enough solid information to support accusations.

Minor glitch. Unmentioned is the fact that the US military, under the auspices of 
learning
about urban warfare, had accompanied the Israeli military on its attack on Jenin 
(Marine
Corps Times, 5-3-2002). Or the fact that dozens of foreign journalists witnessed 30
Palestinian corpses being buried in a mass grave right near the hospital. Or the fact 
that
local hospital personnel describe seeing the Israeli military loading other corpses 
"into a
refrigerated semi-trailer, and taking them out of Jenin" (which would answer the 
question
posed in Amnesty's release, "What was striking is what was absent. There were very few
bodies in the hospital. There were also none who were seriously injured, only the 
'walking
wounded'. Thus we have to ask: where are the bodies and where are the seriously
injured?'').

Moral of the story? Truth is often the first casualty of war. Before we hang our hopes 
on
heroes or unquestioningly believe what we hear from even the most reliable sources, we
need to dig deeper to find the real story. Second, while the US was appropriate to be
outraged at the targeting of its civilians in the September 11 attacks, we should 
extend that
outrage to scenarios in which our government targets, or is complicit in targeting, 
civilians
elsewhere.

Heather Wokusch is a freelance writer. She can be reached at [EMAIL PROTECTED]

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