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Kinim 000: Perek 3 Mishna 6
C. Orent asks:
The Rav learns this Mishnah according to the Rambam, and says that "4
preidim lenidrah, shtayim lechovasa, v'chattas echas" means 2 turim and
bnei yona for the chova, and that "2 preidim" means 1 chattas and 1 olah
for whichever min she wants (turim or bnei yonah), and an additional
chattas from the other min. How does the Rambam/Rav Ovadyah MiBartenura
explain the statement of Ben Azzai which follows immediately thereafter,
saying: "ve'chattas echad?" If he holds that "shtayim lechovasa vechattas
echad" already means an olah/chattas pair, and that "vechattas echad" means
and an additional chattas, why would there be 3 chattosim?! I need to know
this for a Siyum that I'm making on Shabbos, so if you could please get
back to me before Shabbos, I would be TREMENDOUSLY GRATEFUL!! I will be
happy to clarify or answer any questions that you have about understanding
my question. Thanks!!
----------------------------------------------
The Kollel replies:
1) It is the Tana Kama who says "v'Chatas Achas," and Ben Azai says on that
"2 Chata'os."
2) The Rambam, in his commentary on the Mishnah, writes that the reason why
Ben Azai says that she brings two Chata'os is that he is in doubt about
whether or not this woman is considered as rich. Even though we said at the
beginning of the Mishnah that it refers to a poor mother, nevertheless Ben
Azai's opinion is that we also have to be concerned that, according to the
Halachah, she is considered rich. If so, she must bring a sheep as the
Olah, and together with this she brings a Chatas (either Tor or Ben Yonah).
So the third Chatas that she brings is to accompany the Olah of a rich
mother.
I should point out that there is a lot of discussion about this
explanation of the Rambam (see Tosfos Yom Tov, DH Ben Azai, Tiferes Yisrael
in Boaz 9 (see below, #3), and Bi'urei ha'Gra). Also, see below (#6) what
the Tiferes Yisrael writes about this Mishnah
3) The Tiferes Yisrael there (Boaz 9, DH O N'l) gives another possible way
of understanding the Rambam's explanation of Ben Azai. He writes that when
Ben Azai says that two Chata'os are required, this refers to every case in
the Mishnah where the Tana Kama required only one Chatas. It is not
referring only to the case that came immediately prior to this. Every time
the Tana Kama says that one needs one Chatas, Ben Azai says that one needs
two Chata'os, one a Tor and the other a Ben Yonah.
4) The reason why Ben Azai says this is that he is following his own
opinion, cited at the end of the second chapter of this Maseches, that
"Holchin Achar ha'Rishon." Ben Azai maintains that the second bird in any
pair must always be the same species as the first one, whether the first
one was a Chatas or an Olah. Therefore, whenever the Tana Kama says that
she needs to bring a Chatas, it follows that she must bring an Olah
together with the Chatas. However, according to the Tana Kama, the Chatas
does not need to be of the same species as the Olah that was brought first
(see Tiferes Yisrael, Yachin 58). In contrast, according to Ben Azai the
Chatas must always be the same species as the Olah. Since we do not what
species the Olah was, we must always have an extra Chatas to ensure that
there is a Chatas from the correct species. It therefore follows that
wherever the Tana Kama requires one Chatas, he requires two Chata'os.
5) The Tiferes Yisrael writes that even though Ben Azai is referring to all
of the cases where the Tana Kama requires a Chatas, nevertheless he waited
until the Tana Kama had finished speaking before he added his own opinion
that one always needs two Chata'os.
6) The Tiferes Yisrael concludes that anyone reading his commentary can see
how hard he worked to uphold the explanation of the Rambam in this Mishnah,
which is the "most difficult in all of the Six Orders of the Mishnah."
This Mishnah is clearly a suitable one for a Siyum, because if you can
understand this one, then you can understand anything! B'Hatzlachah Rabah!
Just as you were Zocheh to finish Maseches Kinim and Seder Kodshim, so may
you be Zocheh to finish many Masechtos and the entire Shas many times!
Kol Tuv,
Dovid Bloom
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