There is Sensor Observation Services(SOS) standard defined by Open 
Geospatial Consortium (OGC) 1 <http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/sos>,
2 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensor_Observation_Service>. As sensors 
are gathering weather/AQ data, SOS gives set of web interface to define 
sensor metadata(sensor capability, parameters monitored, time interval, 
units etc), data query (standard API form), add or remove sensors in the 
network which can be used to share the data in web. Other than this, its 
metadata specification enhances the interoperability of data much needed 
for using the data for societal/scientific requirement such as taking 
decision using the data. Moreover SOS is a part of OGC’s sensor web 
enablement specification, the standard directed for ‘internet of things’ 
and intended to play much larger role in spatial data infrastructure. We 
can compare the service as similar to web mapping service and other 
geospatial data standards which enables extended usage of volunteered 
geographical information systems and its product such as Open Street map. 

SOS implementation in Python <http://istsos.org/> and JAVA 
<http://52north.org/communities/sensorweb/sos/> are available in FOSS mode. 
​

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