On This Day
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Subject: Thursday April 23, 2009: Reference.com On This Day


      
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      On This Day:
      Thursday April 23, 2009
      This is the 113th day of the year, with 252 days remaining in 2009.

      Fact of the Day: Passover
      In Judaism, Passover (in Hebrew, Pesach/Pesah) commemorates the Hebrews' 
liberation from slavery in Egypt and the "passing over" of the forces of 
destruction, or the sparing of the first-born of the Israelites, when the Lord 
"smote the land of Egypt" on the eve of the Exodus. Passover starts on the 15th 
day of the month of Nisan (March or April) and extends for seven or eight days. 
All leavened products are prohibited but matzo may be eaten and it symbolizes 
the Hebrews' suffering in bondage and the speed with which they left Egypt. A 
special meal called the seder is held on the first night, featuring foods also 
symbolic of the liberation.


      Holidays
      Feast day of St. George, St. Gerard of Toul, St. Ibar, St. Adalbert of 
Prague, and Saints Felix, Fortunatus, and Achilleus.
      Bermuda: Peppercorn Day.
      England: St. George's Day.
      Germany: Biertag.
      Turkey: National Sovereignty and Children's Day.


      Events
      1348 - English King Edward III founded the Order of the Garter, the first 
order of knighthood.
      1635 - The Boston Latin School opened -- America's oldest public school.
      1789 - President-elect George Washington and his wife moved into the 
first executive mansion, the Franklin House, in New York. 
      1896 - The Vitascope system for projecting movies onto a screen was 
demonstrated in New York City, inaugurating the first movie theater at Koster 
and Bials Music Hall.
      1968 - The Methodist Church and the Evangelical United Brethren Church 
merged to form the United Methodist Church.
      1969 - Sirhan Sirhan was sentenced to death for assassinating Senator 
Robert F. Kennedy; a sentence later reduced to life imprisonment.
      1988 - A federal ban on smoking during domestic airline flights of two 
hours or less went into effect.
      1994 - Physicists at the Department of Energy's Fermi National 
Accelerator Laboratory found evidence of the top quark.
      2003 - Beijing closes all schools for two weeks due to the SARS virus.


      Births
      1564 - William Shakespeare, English dramatist and poet (generally 
accepted date).
      1791 - James Buchanan, 15th President of the United States of America 
(1857-1861).
      1813 - Stephen A. Douglas, American politician.
      1858 - Max Planck, German physicist who developed quantum theory.
      1873 - Sergei Rachmaninoff, Russian-born American musician, pianist, 
composer.
      1928 - Shirley Temple Black, American child actress, U.S. United Nations 
diplomat and Chief of Protocol.
      1932 - Halston (Roy Halston Frowick), American fashion designer.
      1936 - Roy Orbison, American singer and musician.
      1961 - George Lopez, American actor and comedian.
      1968 - Timothy McVeigh, American terrorist.


      Deaths
      1616 - William Shakespeare, English actor, poet, and playwright.
      1993 - César Chávez, Mexican-American labor activist.
      1995 - Howard Cosell (born Howard William Cohen), American sportscaster.
      2007 - American Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and author David 
Halberstam.
      2007 - Former Russian President Boris Yeltsin.
     

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