Nedelec aren't cheap either. You need an fe(n+1) to achieve n accuracy. 
It's 64 dofs for all the 6 components of the electric field E in 3D to 
achieve 1st order accuracy. 
With adaptive mesh refinement, Nedelec will get a lot more expensive than 
this. 
By all means, do what seems fit. I am just trying to be a bit informative. 
Maybe you get one of those questions in the future.   

best,
Abbas 

On Monday, December 5, 2022 at 4:45:12 PM UTC+2 yy.wayne wrote:

> Thanks Abbas,
>
> I considered about DG method, because DG allows discontinuity and 
> implements boundary condition easier than FE_Q. 
> However DG requires more DoF than continuous finite element, especially in 
> frequency-domain. 
>
> Best,
> Wayne
>
> 在2022年12月5日星期一 UTC+8 22:35:12<Abbas> 写道:
>
>> Maybe you can look into using DG for discritizing the problem? You're 
>> already using penalty terms so might as well. 
>> One thing I am afraid of is that Nedelec elements inherently satisfy the 
>> div free condition, while DG might need careful treatment or your 
>> preconditioner would fail at high frequency. 
>> Just my 2 cents. Maybe you know someone else who can help you with this.  
>>  
>>
>>
>> On Monday, December 5, 2022 at 4:29:35 PM UTC+2 yy.wayne wrote:
>>
>>> Hi deal.II community,
>>>
>>> I'm working on MatrixFree electromagnetic problems with deal.II. For 2d 
>>> TE waves FE_Q element works good, but for cases like in step-81 and in 3d, 
>>> Nedelec element in the appropriate one for EM.
>>>
>>> I posted a discussion about this 3 months ago. May I ask what's the 
>>> current state for MatriFree support of Nedelec elements in deal.II? 
>>> Implementing MatrixFree Nedelec is quite difficult for me. Currently I plan 
>>> to solve 3d EM problem with FE_Q elements with some penalty terms, but of 
>>> course that's not a nice policy because of spurious solution and 
>>> singularity when solving EM numerically with nodal elements.
>>>
>>

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