Hello André
It looks like you did not define required variables APACHE_LOCK_DIR, APACHE_PID_FILE and so on.
This is exactly what envvar file is for. You *need* to source it before runing apache.
apache2 is a service. On Debian, you need to start services using service(8) on the command line: #service apache2 start
This will call /etc/init.d/apache2 that does all the magic.
Alternatively, you could find apache2ctl(8) useful.
well these are default files from the Apache2 package on Debian (jessie) mirrors, i haven't made any changes. with the command "service apache2 start" it says ok but Apache doesn't start. and what the difference between running Apache with "/usr/sbin/apache2" or "service apache2 start" does both commands look at the "envvar" file? and what about "/etc/apache2/srm.conf", "/etc/apache2/access.conf", "/etc/apache2/mime.types" (not created/available in Apache package) André