The code to remember the window position is obviously there, but the window position was not stored for some reason. After I manually edited ~/.claws-mail/clawsrc and set mainwin_x to 1280:
mainwin_x=1280 mainwin_y=0 mainwin_maximised=1 mainwin_fullscreen=0 mainwin_menubar=1 mainwin_width=1331 mainwin_height=749 The main window position and size was updated correctly. -- Best regards, Ivan