libdvbv5-0 has been upgraded again and Kaffeine works now. It seems it wasn't a problem with Kaffeine at all:
v4l-utils (1.16.3-3) unstable; urgency=medium * Drop broken libdvbv5 patch (Closes: #927341) -- Gregor Jasny <[email protected]> Sat, 27 Apr 2019 22:45:54 +0200 https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=927341
