affects 1106668 + xserver-xorg-video-nouveau affects 1106668 + libdrm-nouveau2 thanks
When I switched from nouveau to the proprietary nvidia-driver (after manually enrolling the public key /var/lib/dkms/mok.pub, rebooting, and following the prompts in the MOK utility upon startup according to https://wiki.debian.org/SecureBoot), resuming from suspend started working. So the bug is likely to be related to the nouveau driver (or the NVIDIA card). I have xserver-xorg-video-nouveau 1:1.0.18-1 and libdrm-nouveau2 2.4.124-2 installed. Please feel free to reassign the bug report (or not).