Sure, let’s take this a little slower.

Following release notes, get to the apt full-upgrade step:

```
debian@aztec-prover-test-11:~$ sudo apt full-upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  g++-12 libabsl20220623 libaio1 libargon2-1 libassuan0 libavif15 libcbor0.8 
libdav1d6 libfuse2 libfuse3-3 libicu72 libldap-2.5-0 libnetplan0 libnsl-dev 
libnsl2 libperl5.36
  libpython3.11 libpython3.11-dev libpython3.11-minimal libpython3.11-stdlib 
librav1e0 libstdc++-12-dev libsvtav1enc1 libtirpc-dev libutempter0 libx265-199 
perl-modules-5.36
  python3-httplib2 python3-netifaces python3-pycurl python3-pyparsing 
python3-pyrsistent python3-pysimplesoap python3-serial python3-six python3.11 
python3.11-dev python3.11-minimal
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  libcurl3-gnutls libcurl4 libdb5.3 libefiboot1 libefivar1 libelf1 libext2fs2 
libgdbm-compat4 libgdbm6 libglib2.0-0 libgnutls30 libhogweed6 libmagic1 
libnettle8 libnpth0 libpcap0.8
  libpng16-16 libpsl5 libreadline8 libssh2-1 libssl3 libtirpc3 libuv1 
python3-distutils python3-lib2to3
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  cpp-14 cpp-14-x86-64-linux-gnu cpp-x86-64-linux-gnu dracut-install 
firmware-ath9k-htc firmware-carl9170 firmware-intel-graphics 
firmware-intel-misc firmware-mediatek
  firmware-nvidia-graphics fonts-dejavu-mono g++-14 g++-14-x86-64-linux-gnu 
g++-x86-64-linux-gnu gcc-14 gcc-14-base gcc-14-x86-64-linux-gnu 
gcc-x86-64-linux-gnu grub-efi-amd64-unsigned
  initramfs-tools-bin libabsl20240722 libaio1t64 libapt-pkg7.0 libassuan9 
libavif16 libcbor0.10 libcurl3t64-gnutls libcurl4t64 libdav1d7 libdb5.3t64 
libefiboot1t64 libefivar1t64
  libelf1t64 libext2fs2t64 libfuse3-4 libgcc-14-dev libgdbm-compat4t64 
libgdbm6t64 libglib2.0-0t64 libglib2.0-data libgnutls30t64 
libheif-plugin-aomenc libheif-plugin-dav1d
  libheif-plugin-libde265 libheif-plugin-x265 libhogweed6t64 libhwasan0 
libimagequant0 liblastlog2-2 libldap-common libldap2 libmagic1t64 libnetplan1 
libnettle8t64 libnghttp3-9
  libngtcp2-16 libngtcp2-crypto-gnutls8 libnpth0t64 libpcap0.8t64 libperl5.40 
libpng16-16t64 libpsl5t64 libpython3.13 libpython3.13-dev libpython3.13-minimal 
libpython3.13-stdlib
  librav1e0.7 libreadline8t64 libreiserfscore0t64 libsframe1 libsharpyuv0 
libssh2-1t64 libssl3t64 libstdc++-14-dev libsvtav1enc2 libtext-charwidth-perl 
libtext-wrapi18n-perl
  libtirpc3t64 libunistring5 liburcu8t64 libuv1t64 libwtmpdb0 libx265-215 
linux-image-6.12.41+deb13-amd64 linux-sysctl-defaults login.defs netcat-openbsd 
netplan-generator
  openssl-provider-legacy perl-modules-5.40 publicsuffix python3-arrow 
python3-autocommand python3-bcrypt python3-dateutil python3-fqdn 
python3-inflect python3-isoduration
  python3-jaraco.context python3-jaraco.functools python3-jaraco.text 
python3-jsonschema-specifications python3-linkify-it python3-more-itertools 
python3-netplan python3-packaging
  python3-referencing python3-rfc3339-validator python3-rfc3986-validator 
python3-rpds-py python3-typeguard python3-typeshed python3-typing-extensions 
python3-uc-micro python3-zipp
  python3.13 python3.13-dev python3.13-minimal shared-mime-info sqv 
systemd-cryptsetup xdg-user-dirs
The following packages have been kept back:
  teleport-ent
The following packages will be upgraded:
  adduser amd64-microcode apparmor apt apt-listchanges apt-utils base-files 
base-passwd bash bash-completion bc bind9-host bind9-libs binutils 
binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu
  bsd-mailx bsdextrautils bsdutils btrfs-progs build-essential bzip2 
ca-certificates chrony cloud-init cloud-initramfs-growroot containerd.io 
coreutils cpio cpp cpp-12 cron
  cron-daemon-common curl dash dbus dbus-bin dbus-daemon 
dbus-session-bus-common dbus-system-bus-common dbus-user-session debconf 
debian-archive-keyring debianutils diffutils dirmngr
  distro-info-data dmeventd dmsetup docker-buildx-plugin docker-ce 
docker-ce-cli docker-ce-rootless-extras docker-compose-plugin dpkg dpkg-dev 
e2fsprogs eject ethtool fakeroot fdisk
  file findutils firmware-amd-graphics firmware-linux firmware-linux-free 
firmware-linux-nonfree firmware-misc-nonfree fontconfig-config 
fonts-dejavu-core g++ g++-12 gcc gcc-12
  gcc-12-base gdisk genisoimage gettext-base git git-man gnupg gnupg-l10n 
gnupg-utils gpg gpg-agent gpg-wks-client gpg-wks-server gpgconf gpgsm gpgv grep 
groff-base grub-common
  grub-efi-amd64 grub-efi-amd64-bin grub-efi-amd64-signed grub2-common 
gsasl-common gzip hostname htop init init-system-helpers initramfs-tools 
initramfs-tools-core intel-microcode
  iproute2 iptables iputils-ping isc-dhcp-client javascript-common jq 
klibc-utils kmod less libacl1 libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libaom3 libapparmor1 
libargon2-1 libasan8 libatomic1
  libattr1 libaudit-common libaudit1 libbinutils libblkid1 libbpf1 libbrotli1 
libbsd0 libbz2-1.0 libc-bin libc-dev-bin libc-devtools libc-l10n libc6 
libc6-dev libcap-ng0 libcap2
  libcap2-bin libcc1-0 libcom-err2 libcrypt-dev libcrypt1 libcryptsetup12 
libctf-nobfd0 libctf0 libdbus-1-3 libde265-0 libdebconfclient0 libdeflate0 
libdevmapper-event1.02.1
  libdevmapper1.02.1 libdpkg-perl libduktape207 libedit2 liberror-perl 
libexpat1 libexpat1-dev libfakeroot libfdisk1 libffi8 libfido2-1 
libfile-fcntllock-perl libfontconfig1
  libfreetype6 libfstrm0 libgav1-1 libgcc-12-dev libgcc-s1 libgcrypt20 libgd3 
libgmp10 libgomp1 libgpg-error0 libgpm2 libgprofng0 libgsasl18 libgssapi-krb5-2 
libgssglue1 libheif1
  libidn12 libidn2-0 libintl-perl libintl-xs-perl libip4tc2 libip6tc2 libisl23 
libitm1 libjansson4 libjbig0 libjemalloc2 libjpeg62-turbo libjq1 
libjs-sphinxdoc libjson-c5 libk5crypto3
  libkeyutils1 libklibc libkmod2 libkrb5-3 libkrb5support0 libksba8 liblerc4 
liblmdb0 liblocale-gettext-perl liblockfile-bin liblockfile1 liblsan0 
liblvm2cmd2.03 liblz4-1 liblzma5
  liblzo2-2 libmagic-mgc libmaxminddb0 libmd0 libmnl0 libmodule-find-perl 
libmount1 libmpc3 libmpfr6 libncursesw6 libnetfilter-conntrack3 libnewt0.52 
libnfnetlink0 libnftnl11
  libnghttp2-14 libnl-3-200 libnl-genl-3-200 libnsl-dev libnsl2 
libnss-myhostname libntlm0 libnuma1 libonig5 libp11-kit0 libpam-modules 
libpam-modules-bin libpam-runtime libpam-systemd
  libpam0g libpci3 libpcre2-8-0 libpipeline1 libpolkit-agent-1-0 
libpolkit-gobject-1-0 libpopt0 libproc-processtable-perl libproc2-0 
libprotobuf-c1 libpython3-dev libpython3-stdlib
  libquadmath0 librtmp1 libsasl2-2 libsasl2-modules-db libseccomp2 
libsecret-1-0 libsecret-common libsecret-tools libselinux1 libsemanage-common 
libsemanage2 libsepol2 libslang2
  libslirp0 libsmartcols1 libsodium23 libsqlite3-0 libss2 libstdc++-12-dev 
libstdc++6 libsystemd-shared libsystemd0 libtasn1-6 libterm-readkey-perl 
libtiff6 libtinfo6 libtirpc-common
  libtirpc-dev libtsan2 libubsan1 libuchardet0 libudev1 liburing2 libutempter0 
libuuid1 libwebp7 libwrap0 libx11-6 libx11-data libxau6 libxcb1 libxdmcp6 
libxml2 libxpm4 libxtables12
  libxxhash0 libyaml-0-2 libyuv0 libzstd1 linux-base linux-image-amd64 
linux-libc-dev locales login logsave lsb-release lvm2 make man-db manpages 
manpages-dev mawk mdadm media-types
  mokutil mount msmtp msmtp-mta nano ncurses-base ncurses-bin needrestart 
netbase netplan.io openssh-client openssh-server openssh-sftp-server openssl 
passwd patch pci.ids pciutils perl
  perl-base pigz pinentry-curses polkitd procps psmisc python-apt-common 
python3 python3-apt python3-attr python3-blinker python3-certifi 
python3-cffi-backend python3-chardet
  python3-charset-normalizer python3-configobj python3-cryptography 
python3-dbus python3-debconf python3-debian python3-debianbts python3-dev 
python3-distro python3-distro-info
  python3-httplib2 python3-idna python3-jinja2 python3-json-pointer 
python3-jsonpatch python3-jsonschema python3-jwt python3-markdown-it 
python3-markupsafe python3-minimal
  python3-netifaces python3-oauthlib python3-pip python3-pkg-resources 
python3-pycurl python3-pygments python3-pyparsing python3-pyrsistent 
python3-reportbug python3-requests
  python3-rich python3-serial python3-setuptools python3-six python3-urllib3 
python3-wheel python3-yaml qemu-utils readline-common reportbug runit-helper 
screen sed sensible-utils
  sgml-base shim-helpers-amd64-signed shim-signed shim-signed-common 
shim-unsigned slirp4netns smartmontools socat ssh-import-id sudo systemd 
systemd-resolved systemd-sysv
  sysvinit-utils tar tcpdump traceroute tzdata ucf udev ufw unattended-upgrades 
usr-is-merged util-linux util-linux-extra uuid-runtime vim vim-common 
vim-runtime vim-tiny wget whiptail
  xml-core xz-utils zlib1g zlib1g-dev zstd
430 upgraded, 122 newly installed, 25 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
Need to get 608 MB of archives.
After this operation, 655 MB of additional disk space will be used.
```

Say yes

Get the aforementioned error during “configuring mdadm”

Mdadm lines in term.log

```
Preparing to unpack .../118-mdadm_4.4-11_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking mdadm (4.4-11) over (4.2-5) ...
ESC[1mdpkg:ESC[0m ESC[1;33mwarning:ESC[0m unable to delete old directory 
'/lib/udev/rules.d': Directory not empty
ESC[1mdpkg:ESC[0m ESC[1;33mwarning:ESC[0m unable to delete old directory 
'/lib/udev': Directory not empty
ESC[1mdpkg:ESC[0m ESC[1;33mwarning:ESC[0m unable to delete old directory 
'/lib/systemd/system-shutdown': Directory not empty
Preparing to unpack .../119-needrestart_3.11-1_all.deb …
…
Setting up mdadm (4.4-11) ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/logcheck/ignore.d.server/mdadm ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Generating grub configuration file ...
Warning: version_find_latest() is deprecated. Use version_sort() instead.
Warning: version_test_gt() is deprecated. Use version_sort() instead.
Warning: version_test_gt() is deprecated. Use version_sort() instead.
Warning: version_test_numeric() is deprecated. Use version_sort() instead.
Warning: version_test_gt() is deprecated. Use version_sort() instead.
Warning: version_test_numeric() is deprecated. Use version_sort() instead.
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-6.12.41+deb13-amd64
Warning: version_find_latest() is deprecated. Use version_sort() instead.
Warning: version_test_gt() is deprecated. Use version_sort() instead.
Warning: version_test_gt() is deprecated. Use version_sort() instead.
Warning: version_test_numeric() is deprecated. Use version_sort() instead.
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-6.1.0-38-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-6.1.0-38-amd64
Warning: version_find_latest() is deprecated. Use version_sort() instead.
Warning: version_test_gt() is deprecated. Use version_sort() instead.
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-6.1.0-37-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-6.1.0-37-amd64
Adding boot menu entry for UEFI Firmware Settings ...
done
Removing obsolete conffile /etc/cron.d/mdadm ...
Removing obsolete conffile /etc/cron.daily/mdadm ...
Removing obsolete conffile /etc/init.d/mdadm ...
Removing obsolete conffile /etc/init.d/mdadm-waitidle ...
Created symlink 
'/etc/systemd/system/mdmonitor.service.wants/mdcheck_continue.timer' 
<E2><86><92> '/usr/lib/systemd/system/mdcheck_continue.timer'.
Created symlink 
'/etc/systemd/system/mdmonitor.service.wants/mdcheck_start.timer' <E2><86><92> 
'/usr/lib/systemd/system/mdcheck_start.timer'.
Created symlink 
'/etc/systemd/system/mdmonitor.service.wants/mdmonitor-oneshot.timer' 
<E2><86><92> '/usr/lib/systemd/system/mdmonitor-oneshot.timer'.
Setting up libpython3-stdlib:amd64 (3.13.5-1) ...
Setting up systemd-resolved (257.7-1) ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/systemd/resolved.conf ...
Setting up binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu (2.44-3) ...
Setting up libpython3.13:amd64 (3.13.5-2) ...
Setting up cpp-x86-64-linux-gnu (4:14.2.0-1) ...
Setting up needrestart (3.11-1) ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/needrestart/hook.d/10-dpkg ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/needrestart/hook.d/20-rpm ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/needrestart/hook.d/90-none ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/needrestart/needrestart.conf ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/needrestart/notify.d/200-write ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/needrestart/notify.d/400-notify-send 
...
Installing new version of config file /etc/needrestart/notify.d/600-mail ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/needrestart/restart.d/dbus.service 
...
Setting up gpg-agent (2.4.7-21+b3) ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/X11/Xsession.d/90gpg-agent ...
Setting up initramfs-tools (0.148.3) ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Setting up msmtp (1.8.28-3) …
```

I’m happy to get you anything from this system that’ll help. It’s currently in 
this state, a reboot has not been attempted.

I don’t think the trouble stems from me not following release note 
instructions. Though some more digging may tell for sure, if you can tell me 
what to dig for.

Yours
Thorsten

From: Marc Haber <[email protected]>
Date: Wednesday, August 20, 2025 at 9:00 PM
To: Thorsten Behrens <[email protected]>, [email protected] 
<[email protected]>
Subject: [EXT]Re: Bug#1111649: apt: Fails to detect systemd on mdadm system 
during dist-upgrade

On Wed, Aug 20, 2025 at 03:09:36PM +0000, Thorsten Behrens wrote:
>     sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade --autoremove -y

This is not the recommended way to upgrade Debian. While it usually
works, the safe and recommended way consists of a few more steps and is
outlined in the Release Notes.

It is also recommended to look at what apt says it will do.

Greetings
Marc

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