I'm guessing but I would say that it is something to do with when 
CoInitialize/OleInitialize is called.  You could prove this by calling 
CoInit in you app startup.  If the first client then starts a new instance, 
then I'm right.


>From: Andrew Cammell <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>To: Multiple recipients of list delphi <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
>Subject: [DUG]:  COM problems
>Date: Thu, 18 Nov 1999 12:53:45 +1300
>
>Hi Everyone,
>
>We have a COM client which is using ole automation to access a COM single
>instance server.  When you start the client, it automatically starts the
>server exe, as expected.  When you quit the client, it automatically quits
>the server exe, as expected.  Now, if you start the server exe first so 
>that
>it already exists, then start the client, it connects correctly.  When you
>quit the client, the server stays behind, as expected, because it already
>existed before the client started.
>The problem is if you now start the client again with this same server 
>still
>running, a second instance of the server now starts.  This is because the
>server is single instance, so only one COM object can exist per server exe.
>The question is, why does the client connect to the existing server the
>first time, but can't seem to see it the second time and so starts another
>server?
>
>Regards,
>
>Andrew Cammell
>Postec Data Systems Ltd
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>                   Website: http://www.delphi.org.nz
>

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