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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/DERBY-5118?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=13004734#comment-13004734
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Rick Hillegas commented on DERBY-5118:
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Those are two different foreign keys according to my reading of the 2008 SQL 
Standard. According to part 2, section 4.17.3 (table constraints): "The 
ordering of the lists of referencing column names and referenced column names 
is implementation-defined, but shall be such that corresponding column names 
occupy corresponding positions in each list. "

> Relational integrity
> --------------------
>
>                 Key: DERBY-5118
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/DERBY-5118
>             Project: Derby
>          Issue Type: Bug
>          Components: SQL
>    Affects Versions: 10.7.1.1
>         Environment: WinXPpro@32bit, Apache Derby EMBEDDED
>            Reporter: Unai Vivi
>            Priority: Minor
>              Labels: keys
>
> A foreign composite key constraint doesn't match the corresponding primary 
> composite key unless the order of the columns that make up the composite key 
> is the same.
> E.g.:
> Given a table called "icone" with the following primary key: "CONSTRAINT 
> icone_PK PRIMARY KEY(seticone,idazione)".
> "CONSTRAINT BOTTONE_FK3 foreign key(seticone,idazione) references icone on 
> delete cascade"
> and
> "CONSTRAINT BOTTONE_FK3 foreign key(idazione,seticone) references icone on 
> delete cascade"
> should be the same thing (IMHO) but it's not the same according to Derby.
> The latter syntax is apparently broken and when inserting a new row, in the 
> table that has such constraint, there is an error because Derby swaps the two 
> attributes that make up the composite key and thus the FK constraint cannot 
> be fulfilled.

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