This bug is still present in Precise.  I also verified that adding the
shebang line to epstopdf fixes the problem.

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/613040

Title:
  epstopdf has no #! line, can't be invoked by scripts (Debian patch
  available)

Status in Rubber — a wrapper for LaTeX and friends:
  Invalid
Status in “rubber” package in Ubuntu:
  Invalid
Status in “texlive-extra” package in Ubuntu:
  Confirmed

Bug description:
  epstopdf invokes perl using:

  eval '(exit $?0)' && eval 'exec perl -S $0 ${1+"$@"}' && eval 'exec
  perl -S $0 $argv:q'

  …when it should instead use:

  #!/usr/bin/perl

  The debian package (texlive-binaries; source package texlive-bin)
  contains patches which fix this bug, and similar bugs in a2ping,
  pdfcrop, thumbpdf and vpe.

  Original description
  ====================

  Binary package hint: rubber

  A LaTeX document I want to compile to PDF using rubber contains
  Postscript files. These files have to be converted, but the call to
  epstopdf fails:

  $ rubber -vv -d document.tex
  ...
  converting figure.eps to PDF...
  executing: epstopdf --outfile=figure.pdf figure.eps
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/usr/bin/rubber", line 9, in <module>
      sys.exit(Main()(sys.argv[1:]))
    File "/usr/share/rubber/rubber/cmdline.py", line 296, in __call__
      return self.main(cmdline)
    File "/usr/share/rubber/rubber/cmdline.py", line 260, in main
      ret = env.final.make(self.force)
    File "/usr/share/rubber/rubber/__init__.py", line 223, in make
      ret = src.make()
    File "/usr/share/rubber/rubber/__init__.py", line 237, in make
      ret = self.run()
    File "/usr/share/rubber/rubber/rules/shell.py", line 34, in run
      if self.env.execute(cmd):
    File "/usr/share/rubber/rubber/__init__.py", line 705, in execute
      os.execve(progname, prog, penv)
  OSError: [Errno 8] Exec format error
  process 6231 (epstopdf) returned 256
  'epstopdf' failed

  The Gentoo bugzilla has an entry describing the same problem:
  http://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=289818

  Basically, the problem is with the silly perl locating trickery in the
  first line of epstopdf. Rubber just tries to execute it as an
  executable, but there is no shebang.

  This is rubber package 1.1-2.2ubuntu1 and texlive-font-utils
  2009-7ubuntu3 (containing epstopdf) on Ubuntu Lucid / 10.04.

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