This problem may appear in amd64 system trying to use i386 program.
For me the problem solution is:

sudo apt-get install libcanberra-gtk-module:i386 libcanberra-gtk0:i386

If it does not work try reinstalling libcanberra-gtk0 AT YOUR OWN RISK.
The uninstallation causes removing of possibly very important packets
for You. Please analyze a packet list at step 2. If any problems after
step 3 (power loss or bug) POSSIBLE YOU WILL HAVE A SYSTEM WITHOUT A
DESKTOP.

1. Run but don't confirm at prompt [Y/N]
sudo apt-get remove libcanberra-gtk0

2. Carefully analyze apt-get answer and find a list of packets to be
removed. The lines maybe different from computer to computer. For
example:

Packets to be REMOVED:
  gnome-session-canberra gnome-session-fallback libcanberra-gtk-module
  libcanberra-gtk0 metacity ubuntu-desktop

If You will not restore these packets possibly You will have great
problems.

3. Copy this packet list to Your favorite text editor

4. Answer "Y"

5. Run the command after replacing <list> with saved list (with spaces
between elements) of removed packets at step 3:

sudo apt-get install <list> libcanberra-gtk0

For previous example

sudo apt-get install gnome-session-canberra gnome-session-fallback 
libcanberra-gtk-module
  libcanberra-gtk0 metacity ubuntu-desktop libcanberra-gtk0

-- 
You received this bug notification because you are a member of Desktop
Packages, which is subscribed to libcanberra in Ubuntu.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/872172

Title:
  libcanberra-gtk0 should recommend Gtk2 and Gtk3 module to fix: Gtk-
  Message: Failed to load module "canberra-gtk-module"

Status in “libcanberra” package in Ubuntu:
  Triaged

Bug description:
  Trying to run any Gtk 3 application in Oneiric, I am getting the following 
message/error:
    % ubuntu-bug                       
    Gtk-Message: Failed to load module "canberra-gtk-module"

  libcanberra-gtk-module only ships this file:
    /usr/lib/gtk-2.0/modules/libcanberra-gtk-module.so

  When setting the GTK_PATH explicitly, it fails to load like this:
    % export GTK_PATH=:/usr/lib/gtk-2.0
    % ubuntu-bug                       

    (apport-gtk:12816): Gtk-WARNING **: GTK+ module 
/usr/lib/gtk-2.0/modules/libcanberra-gtk-module.so cannot be loaded.
    GTK+ 2.x symbols detected. Using GTK+ 2.x and GTK+ 3 in the same process is 
not supported.
    Gtk-Message: Failed to load module "canberra-gtk-module"

  The fix/workaround appears to be installing libcanberra-gtk3-module,
  or removing libcanberra-gtk-module, which is only being installed as a
  recommendation for transmission-gtk (in this case):

    % aptitude why libcanberra-gtk-module
    i   libcanberra-gtk0 Recommends libcanberra-gtk-module
    % aptitude search '?depends(libcanberra-gtk0)' | awk '{print $2}'
    balsa
    gnome-panel
    gnome-session-canberra
    gnubg
    gok
    libbrasero-media1
    libcanberra-gtk-dev
    libcanberra-gtk-module
    libcanberra-gtk0-dbg
    libcheese-gtk18
    metacity
    transmission-gtk
    wallch
    xchat-gnome

  I think that libcanberra-gtk0 should not only recommend the Gtk 2 module, but 
also the Gtk 3 one.
  So the "Recommends: libcanberra-gtk-module" should become "Recommends: 
libcanberra-gtk-module, libcanberra-gtk3-module".

  WORKAROUND:
    1. sudo apt-get install libcanberra-gtk3-module
    or
    2. sudo apt-get purge libcanberra-gtk-module

  ProblemType: Bug
  DistroRelease: Ubuntu 11.10
  Package: libcanberra-gtk-module 0.28-0ubuntu10
  ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 3.0.0-12.20-generic-pae 3.0.4
  Uname: Linux 3.0.0-12-generic-pae i686
  ApportVersion: 1.23-0ubuntu3
  Architecture: i386
  Date: Tue Oct 11 10:12:05 2011
  EcryptfsInUse: Yes
  InstallationMedia: Ubuntu 11.04 "Natty Narwhal" - Release i386 (20110427.1)
  ProcEnviron:
   LC_TIME=de_DE.UTF-8
   LANGUAGE=en_US:en
   PATH=(custom, user)
   LANG=en_US.UTF-8
   SHELL=/usr/bin/zsh
  SourcePackage: libcanberra
  UpgradeStatus: Upgraded to oneiric on 2011-09-29 (11 days ago)

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/libcanberra/+bug/872172/+subscriptions

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