More from that IRC conversation:
<alesguzik> I'm not asking about making it default, but when screen size can be 
detected and resolution is known, what is the problem with dpi?
<alesguzik> It worked at some point in the past
<ohsix> it never worked

Ohsix's definition of "never" must be different from the dictionary's.
As alesguzik said, automatically matching DPI to display density did
work in the past:

$ cat /etc/SuSE-release
openSUSE 10.2 (i586)
VERSION = 10.2
$ head -n15 /var/log/Xorg.0.log | tail -n6
X Window System Version 7.1.99.902 (7.2.0 RC 2)
Release Date: 13 November 2006
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0, Release 7.1.99.902
Build Operating System: openSUSE SUSE LINUX
Current Operating System: Linux m7ncd 2.6.18.8-0.10-default #1 SMP Wed Jun 4 
15:46:34 UTC 2008 i686
Build Date: 02 June 2008
$ grep Output /var/log/Xorg.0.log | egrep -v 'disconnected|no monitor'
$ grep -v ^\# /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-monitor.conf | grep DisplaySize
grep: /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-monitor.conf: No such file or directory
$ grep -v ^\# /etc/X11/xorg.conf | grep DisplaySize
$ grep -v ^\# /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-monitor.conf | grep PreferredMode
grep: /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-monitor.conf: No such file or directory
$ grep -v ^\# /etc/X11/xorg.conf | grep PreferredMode
$ xrdb -query | grep dpi
$ xdpyinfo | egrep 'dime|ution'
  dimensions:    1600x1200 pixels (402x302 millimeters)
  resolution:    101x101 dots per inch
$ xrandr | head -n5
 SZ:    Pixels          Physical       Refresh
*0   1600 x 1200   ( 402mm x 302mm )  *85   75   70   65   60
 1   1400 x 1050   ( 402mm x 302mm )   75   60
 2   1280 x 960    ( 402mm x 302mm )   85   60
 3   1152 x 864    ( 402mm x 302mm )   75

more Xorg.0.log excerpts:
(II) RADEON(0): EDID data from the display on port 1 ----------------------
(II) RADEON(0): Manufacturer: NEC  Model: 61da  Serial#: 5356
(II) RADEON(0): Year: 2002  Week: 39
(--) RADEON(0): Virtual size is 1600x1200 (pitch 1664)
(**) RADEON(0): *Default mode "1600x1200": 229.5 MHz, 106.2 kHz, 85.0 Hz
(--) RADEON(0): Display dimensions: (400, 300) mm
(--) RADEON(0): DPI set to (101, 101)
$ xrandr -v
Server reports RandR version 1.1


$ cat /etc/SuSE-release
openSUSE 10.2 (i586)
VERSION = 10.2
$ head -n15 /var/log/Xorg.0.log | tail -n6
X Window System Version 7.1.99.902 (7.2.0 RC 2)
Release Date: 13 November 2006
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0, Release 7.1.99.902
Build Operating System: openSUSE SUSE LINUX
Current Operating System: Linux m7ncd 2.6.18.8-0.10-default #1 SMP Wed Jun 4 
15:46:34 UTC 2008 i686
Build Date: 02 June 2008
$ grep Output /var/log/Xorg.0.log | egrep -v 'disconnected|no monitor'
$ grep -v ^\# /etc/X11/xorg.conf | grep DisplaySize
$ grep -v ^\# /etc/X11/xorg.conf | grep PreferredMode
$ xrdb -query | grep dpi
$ xdpyinfo | egrep 'dime|ution'
  dimensions:    1920x1440 pixels (403x302 millimeters)
  resolution:    121x121 dots per inch
$ xrandr | head -n5
 SZ:    Pixels          Physical       Refresh
*0   1920 x 1440   ( 403mm x 302mm )  *75   60
 1   1856 x 1392   ( 403mm x 302mm )   75   60
 2   1792 x 1344   ( 403mm x 302mm )   75   60
 3   1600 x 1200   ( 403mm x 302mm )   85   75   70   65   60
$ xrandr -v
Server reports RandR version 1.1

more Xorg.0.log excerpts:
(II) RADEON(0): EDID data from the display on port 1 ----------------------
(II) RADEON(0): Manufacturer: NEC  Model: 61da  Serial#: 5356
(II) RADEON(0): Year: 2002  Week: 39
(--) RADEON(0): Virtual size is 1920x1440 (pitch 1920)
(**) RADEON(0): *Default mode "1920x1440": 297.0 MHz, 112.5 kHz, 75.0 Hz
(--) RADEON(0): Display dimensions: (400, 300) mm
(--) RADEON(0): DPI set to (121, 121)

-- 
You received this bug notification because you are a member of Desktop
Packages, which is subscribed to xorg-server in Ubuntu.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/589485

Title:
  Ignores physical display size and calculates based on 96DPI

Status in X.Org X server:
  Confirmed
Status in “xorg-server” package in Ubuntu:
  Confirmed

Bug description:
  The X server, starting with 1.7, ignores the physical size reported by
  the EDID or in xorg.conf and calculates it based on screen resolution
  and a DPI of 96.

  This is rather annoying for users of high DPI screens.

  GNOME and KDE (used?) to set 96 DPI by default in their settings.  We
  should check whether they still do, and if so let them handle this; I
  don't think X should be handling this.

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/xorg-server/+bug/589485/+subscriptions

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