Can you log in normally from the login screen? Is it only an issue with
'startx'?

No, if I try to boot directly to GUI the resolution changes several
times (I can see that via VNC which is available at boot time for the
VPS because the VNC size is changing several times) and then get's
stuck. This happens on two different VPS. I have upgraded from 18.04
LTS. But this error is not connected to the update. I also tried to use
a fresh install and the result was the same. Which means there is no
login screen on both machines.

If it get's stuck the beavior is different on both VPS even if I copy
everything except /sys /run /proc (which means the same installation is
used) one VPS gets stuck in a purple screen and it is possible to change
to command line via Alt+F. The other one ends up in a blueish screen
with lines and a blinking cursor but this one is totally stuck. I added
two screenshots of that.

Sometimes I see the desktop for a part of a socond between the
resolution changes. I also tried to set a fixed resolution but was not
sucessfull because the switching is still happening. If I stop the gdm
serrvice startx with root is possible afterwards. IT took me a while to
realize this because at first I thought I should focus on the GUI boot
problem.

I now switched both VPS to multi user target insted of graphical boot.
If I use stop service gdm3 and start service gdm3 the result is the same
like described above. XRDP combined with remote desktop is also only
working via root login.

Also please run:
  ls -l /usr/libexec/gnome-session-binary
ls -l /usr/libexec/gnome-session-binary
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 334664 Mar 26 13:22 /usr/libexec/gnome-session-binary

On tests with xrdp I also saw some other errors in syslog which are more 
detailed as the gnome session permission error which does not seem to be the 
root cause:
May 27 18:34:59 systemd[587724]: at-spi-dbus-bus.service: Failed to execute 
command: Permission denied
May 27 18:34:59 systemd[587724]: at-spi-dbus-bus.service: Failed at step EXEC 
spawning /usr/libexec/at-spi-bus-launcher: Permission denied
May 27 18:34:59 systemd[1678]: at-spi-dbus-bus.service: Main process exited, 
code=exited, status=203/EXEC

I have seen some oher useers with this kind of problem which switched
off at-spi-dbus-bus.service. I tried that and ended up with. That's
where I stopped trying and switched at-spi-dbus-bus.service to start
agein like before. Which means I'm now on standard settings after
upgrade again:

dbus-daemon[642845]: [session uid=0 pid=642843] Activating service 
name='org.freedesktop.systemd1' requested by ':1.20' (uid=0 pid=642800 
comm="/usr/libexec/gnome-session-binary --builtin " label="unconfined")
May 27 19:49:30 dbus-daemon[642845]: [session uid=0 pid=642843] Activated 
service 'org.freedesktop.systemd1' failed: Process org.freedesktop.systemd1 
exited with status 1
May 27 19:49:30 org.gtk.vfs.Daemon[642897]: A connection to the bus can't be 
made
May 27 19:49:30 gnome-control-c[646635]: gnome-control-center-search-provider: 
Fatal IO error 11 (Die Ressource ist zur Zeit nicht verfügbar) on X server :0.
May 27 19:49:30 seahorse[643522]: seahorse: Fatal IO error 11 (Die Ressource 
ist zur Zeit nicht verfügbar) on X server :0.
May 27 19:49:30 org.gnome.Chara[646649]: 
org.gnome.Characters.BackgroundService: Fatal IO error 11 (Die Ressource ist 
zur Zeit nicht verfügbar) on X server :0.
May 27 19:49:30 gnome-calendar[643523]: gnome-calendar: Fatal IO error 11 (Die 
Ressource ist zur Zeit nicht verfügbar) on X server :0.
May 27 19:49:30 systemd[1]: root-.cache-gvfs.mount: Succeeded.
May 27 19:49:30 systemd[225333]: root-.cache-gvfs.mount: Succeeded.
May 27 19:49:30 org.gnome.Shell.CalendarServer[643029]: 
gnome-shell-calendar-server[643029]: Lost (or failed to acquire) the name 
org.gnome.Shell.CalendarServer - exiting
May 27 19:49:30 systemd[1678]: root-.cache-gvfs.mount: Succeeded.
May 27 19:49:30 systemd[1679]: root-.cache-gvfs.mount: Succeeded.
May 27 19:49:30 org.gtk.vfs.Daemon[643591]: A connection to the bus can't be 
made
May 27 19:49:30 org.gtk.vfs.Daemon[643694]: A connection to the bus can't be 
made

-- 
You received this bug notification because you are a member of Desktop
Packages, which is subscribed to xorg-server in Ubuntu.
https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1882102

Title:
  [vmwgfx] Gnome Desktop only starting with root rights

Status in xorg-server package in Ubuntu:
  Incomplete

Bug description:
  All files in home folder are owned by the user. startx is only working
  with root rights.

  xinit: connection to X server lost/usr/bin/gnome-session: 29: exec:
  /usr/libexec/gnome-session-binary: Permission denied

  ProblemType: Bug
  DistroRelease: Ubuntu 20.04
  Package: xorg 1:7.7+19ubuntu14
  ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 5.4.0-33.37-generic 5.4.34
  Uname: Linux 5.4.0-33-generic x86_64
  NonfreeKernelModules: zfs zunicode zavl icp zcommon znvpair
  ApportVersion: 2.20.11-0ubuntu27.2
  Architecture: amd64
  CasperMD5CheckResult: skip
  CompizPlugins: No value set for 
`/apps/compiz-1/general/screen0/options/active_plugins'
  Date: Thu Jun  4 16:25:19 2020
  DistUpgraded: 2020-04-26 18:18:02,277 ERROR Cache can not be locked (E:Konnte 
keinen exklusiven Zugang zur Sperrdatei /var/lib/dpkg/lock erhalten. Diese wird 
vom Prozess 21979 (dpkg) gehalten., W:Beachten Sie, dass das Entfernen der 
Sperrdatei keine Lösung ist und Ihr System zerstören kann., E:Sperren des 
Administrationsverzeichnisses (/var/lib/dpkg/) nicht möglich, wird es von einem 
anderen Prozess verwendet?)
  DistroCodename: focal
  DistroVariant: ubuntu
  DkmsStatus:
   rapiddisk, 5.2, 5.4.0-31-generic, x86_64: installed
   rapiddisk, 5.2, 5.4.0-33-generic, x86_64: installed
  ExtraDebuggingInterest: Yes
  GraphicsCard:
   VMware SVGA II Adapter [15ad:0405] (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
     Subsystem: VMware SVGA II Adapter [15ad:0405]
  Lsusb: Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
  Lsusb-t: /:  Bus 01.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=uhci_hcd/2p, 12M
  MachineType: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996)
  ProcKernelCmdLine: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-5.4.0-33-generic 
root=UUID=f8fcb1ae-51b1-4ab2-b79d-66cf34ad77d9 ro nomodeset 
rootflags=subvol=ROOT
  SourcePackage: xorg
  UpgradeStatus: Upgraded to focal on 2020-04-26 (38 days ago)
  dmi.bios.date: 04/01/2014
  dmi.bios.vendor: SeaBIOS
  dmi.bios.version: rel-1.12.1-0-ga5cab58e9a3f-prebuilt.qemu.org
  dmi.chassis.type: 1
  dmi.chassis.vendor: QEMU
  dmi.chassis.version: pc-i440fx-4.1
  dmi.modalias: 
dmi:bvnSeaBIOS:bvrrel-1.12.1-0-ga5cab58e9a3f-prebuilt.qemu.org:bd04/01/2014:svnQEMU:pnStandardPC(i440FX+PIIX,1996):pvrpc-i440fx-4.1:cvnQEMU:ct1:cvrpc-i440fx-4.1:
  dmi.product.name: Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996)
  dmi.product.version: pc-i440fx-4.1
  dmi.sys.vendor: QEMU
  version.compiz: compiz N/A
  version.libdrm2: libdrm2 2.4.101-2
  version.libgl1-mesa-dri: libgl1-mesa-dri 20.0.4-2ubuntu1
  version.libgl1-mesa-glx: libgl1-mesa-glx 20.0.4-2ubuntu1
  version.xserver-xorg-core: xserver-xorg-core 2:1.20.8-2ubuntu2.1
  version.xserver-xorg-input-evdev: xserver-xorg-input-evdev 1:2.10.6-1
  version.xserver-xorg-video-ati: xserver-xorg-video-ati 1:19.1.0-1
  version.xserver-xorg-video-intel: xserver-xorg-video-intel 
2:2.99.917+git20200226-1
  version.xserver-xorg-video-nouveau: xserver-xorg-video-nouveau 1:1.0.16-1

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