Github user franz1981 commented on a diff in the pull request:

    https://github.com/apache/activemq-artemis/pull/2494#discussion_r246574775
  
    --- Diff: 
artemis-server/src/main/java/org/apache/activemq/artemis/core/paging/cursor/impl/LivePageCacheImpl.java
 ---
    @@ -48,54 +82,228 @@ public long getPageId() {
        }
     
        @Override
    -   public synchronized int getNumberOfMessages() {
    -      return messages.size();
    +   public int getNumberOfMessages() {
    +      while (true) {
    +         final long size = producerIndex;
    +         if (size == RESIZING) {
    +            Thread.yield();
    +            continue;
    +         }
    +         return (int) Math.min(size, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
    +      }
        }
     
        @Override
    -   public synchronized void setMessages(PagedMessage[] messages) {
    +   public void setMessages(PagedMessage[] messages) {
           // This method shouldn't be called on liveCache, but we will provide 
the implementation for it anyway
           for (PagedMessage msg : messages) {
              addLiveMessage(msg);
           }
        }
     
        @Override
    -   public synchronized PagedMessage getMessage(int messageNumber) {
    -      if (messageNumber < messages.size()) {
    -         return messages.get(messageNumber);
    -      } else {
    +   public PagedMessage getMessage(int messageNumber) {
    +      if (messageNumber < 0) {
              return null;
           }
    +      //it allow to perform less cache invalidations vs producerIndex if 
there are bursts of appends
    +      long size = lastSeenProducerIndex;
    +      if (messageNumber >= size) {
    +         while ((size = producerIndex) == RESIZING) {
    +            Thread.yield();
    +         }
    +         //it is a message over the current size?
    +         if (messageNumber >= size) {
    +            return null;
    +         }
    +         //publish it for others consumers
    +         LAST_PRODUCER_INDEX_UPDATER.lazySet(this, size);
    +      }
    +      final AtomicChunk<PagedMessage> buffer;
    +      final int offset;
    +      if (messageNumber >= chunkSize) {
    +         offset = messageNumber & chunkMask;
    +         //slow path is moved in a separate method
    +         buffer = jump(messageNumber, size);
    +      } else {
    +         offset = messageNumber;
    +         buffer = consumerBuffer;
    +      }
    +      //NOTE: producerIndex is being updated before setting a new value ie 
on consumer side need to spin until a not null value is set
    +      PagedMessage msg;
    +      while ((msg = buffer.get(offset)) == null) {
    +         Thread.yield();
    +      }
    +      return msg;
    +   }
    +
    +   /**
    +    * Implements a lock-free version of the optimization used on {@link 
java.util.LinkedList#get(int)} to speed up queries
    +    * ie backward search of a node if needed.
    +    */
    +   private AtomicChunk<PagedMessage> jump(final int messageNumber, final 
long size) {
    +      //fast division by a power of 2
    +      final int jumps = messageNumber >> chunkSizeLog2;
    +      //size is never allowed to be > Integer.MAX_VALUE
    +      final int lastChunkIndex = (int) size >> chunkSizeLog2;
    +      int requiredJumps = jumps;
    +      AtomicChunk<PagedMessage> jumpBuffer = null;
    +      boolean jumpForward = true;
    +      int distanceFromLastChunkIndex = lastChunkIndex - jumps;
    +      //it's worth to go backward from lastChunkIndex?
    +      //trying first to check against the value we already have: if it 
won't worth, won't make sense to load the producerBuffer
    +      if (distanceFromLastChunkIndex < jumps) {
    +         final AtomicChunk<PagedMessage> producer = producerBuffer;
    +         //producer is a potential moving, always increasing, target ie 
better to re-check the distance
    +         distanceFromLastChunkIndex = producer.index - jumps;
    +         if (distanceFromLastChunkIndex < jumps) {
    +            //we're saving some jumps ie is fine to go backward from here
    +            jumpBuffer = producer;
    +            requiredJumps = distanceFromLastChunkIndex;
    +            jumpForward = false;
    +         }
    +      }
    +      //start from the consumer buffer only is needed
    +      if (jumpBuffer == null) {
    +         jumpBuffer = consumerBuffer;
    +      }
    +      for (int i = 0; i < requiredJumps; i++) {
    +         //next chunk is always set if below a read producerIndex value
    +         //previous chunk is final and can be safely read
    +         jumpBuffer = jumpForward ? jumpBuffer.next : jumpBuffer.prev;
    +      }
    +      return jumpBuffer;
        }
     
        @Override
    -   public synchronized boolean isLive() {
    +   public boolean isLive() {
           return isLive;
        }
     
        @Override
    -   public synchronized void addLiveMessage(PagedMessage message) {
    +   public void addLiveMessage(PagedMessage message) {
           if (message.getMessage().isLargeMessage()) {
              ((LargeServerMessage) 
message.getMessage()).incrementDelayDeletionCount();
           }
    -      this.messages.add(message);
    +      while (true) {
    +         final long pIndex = producerIndex;
    +         if (pIndex != RESIZING) {
    +            if (pIndex == Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
    +               throw new IllegalStateException("can't add more then " + 
Integer.MAX_VALUE + " messages");
    +            }
    +            //load acquire the current producer buffer
    +            final AtomicChunk<PagedMessage> producerBuffer = 
this.producerBuffer;
    +            final int pOffset = (int) (pIndex & chunkMask);
    +            //only the first message to a chunk can attempt to resize
    +            if (pOffset == 0) {
    +               if (appendChunkAndMessage(producerBuffer, pIndex, message)) 
{
    +                  return;
    +               }
    +            } else if (PRODUCER_INDEX_UPDATER.compareAndSet(this, pIndex, 
pIndex + 1)) {
    +               //this.producerBuffer is the correct buffer to append a 
message: it is guarded by the producerIndex logic
    +               //NOTE: producerIndex is being updated before setting a new 
value
    +               producerBuffer.lazySet(pOffset, message);
    +               return;
    +            }
    +         }
    +         Thread.yield();
    +      }
    +   }
    +
    +   private boolean appendChunkAndMessage(AtomicChunk<PagedMessage> 
producerBuffer, long pIndex, PagedMessage message) {
    +      if (!PRODUCER_INDEX_UPDATER.compareAndSet(this, pIndex, RESIZING)) {
    +         return false;
    +      }
    +      final AtomicChunk<PagedMessage> newChunk;
    +      try {
    +         final int index = (int) (pIndex >> chunkSizeLog2);
    +         newChunk = new AtomicChunk<>(index, producerBuffer, chunkSize);
    +      } catch (OutOfMemoryError oom) {
    +         //unblock producerIndex without updating it
    +         PRODUCER_INDEX_UPDATER.lazySet(this, pIndex);
    +         throw oom;
    +      }
    +      //adding the message to it
    +      newChunk.lazySet(0, message);
    +      //linking it to the old one, if any
    +      if (producerBuffer != null) {
    +         //a plain store is enough, given that producerIndex prevents any 
reader/writer to access it
    +         producerBuffer.next = newChunk;
    +      } else {
    +         //it's first one
    +         this.consumerBuffer = newChunk;
    +      }
    +      //making it the current produced one
    +      this.producerBuffer = newChunk;
    +      //store release any previous write and "unblock" anyone waiting 
resizing to finish
    +      PRODUCER_INDEX_UPDATER.lazySet(this, pIndex + 1);
    +      return true;
        }
     
        @Override
    -   public synchronized void close() {
    +   public void close() {
           logger.tracef("Closing %s", this);
           this.isLive = false;
        }
     
    +   private static PagedMessage[] EMPTY_MSG = null;
    +
    +   private static PagedMessage[] noMessages() {
    +      //it is a benign race: no need strong initializations here
    +      PagedMessage[] empty = EMPTY_MSG;
    +      if (empty != null) {
    +         return empty;
    +      } else {
    +         empty = new PagedMessage[0];
    +         EMPTY_MSG = empty;
    +      }
    +      return empty;
    +   }
    +
        @Override
    -   public synchronized PagedMessage[] getMessages() {
    -      return messages.toArray(new PagedMessage[messages.size()]);
    +   public PagedMessage[] getMessages() {
    +      long currentSize;
    +      while ((currentSize = producerIndex) == RESIZING) {
    --- End diff --
    
    good catch! :+1: While creating a more generic collection I will refactor 
the bits to avoid duplication when possible


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