Hey everyone, I recently gave a three hour talk on Apache Calcite to several of my co-workers, and I'm making the slides available for anyone interested [1]. While the majority of the talk was... talking, the slides still pretty thoroughly explore many of the concepts about which questions are frequently asked on this mailing list. There's also an accompanying video of the talk that I'll try to get permission to release.
Let me know if there are any blatant falsehoods and I'd be glad to amend the slides. Enjoy! [1] http://www.slideshare.net/JordanHalterman/introduction-to-apache-calcite
