I’d also like to hear from potential users of this feature. They could try this 
functionality as it becomes available, and help us prioritize features.

Julian


> On Jun 28, 2017, at 9:10 AM, Atri Sharma <[email protected]> wrote:
> 
> And I have created the JIRA:
> 
> https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CALCITE-1861
> 
> 
> 
> On Wed, Jun 28, 2017 at 7:02 AM, Julian Hyde <[email protected]> wrote:
>> Is anyone looking for a neat project in Calcite that would have a big
>> impact? I'm thinking that we could add support for spatial indexes to
>> Calcite in such a way that downstream projects such as Phoenix and
>> Flink could easily benefit from it.
>> 
>> GIS (Geographic Information Systems, aka Spatial database) is really
>> useful functionality to have in your database. To find restaurants
>> less than 1 km from downtown San Francisco, you could run
>> 
>>  select *
>>  from restaurants as r
>>  where st_distance(point(-122.4194, 37.7749), r.coordinates) <= 1;
>> 
>> There are mature SQL implementations of GIS in PostGIS, Oracle Spatial
>> and Microsoft SQL Server; and OpenGIS has standardized SQL
>> extensions[1].
>> 
>> Now, the SQL-GIS standard is rather large, and involves implementing
>> lots of data types and scalar functions. We could get to that
>> eventually. But I contend that many, many applications would be
>> satisfied by points and distances (like the query above) and a spatial
>> index to make them run quickly. And I believe that we can add spatial
>> index support to Calcite using a logical rewrite rule.
>> 
>> Rewriting spatial queries to indexes on space-filling curves is a
>> well-established technique [2].
>> 
>> Suppose that the restaurants table, above, had columns latitude and
>> longitude and a computed numeric column h = hilbert(latitude,
>> longitude). Hilbert curves are space-filling curves such that if two
>> points are close in space then their h values will be close. So, if
>> there is an index on h, we can find all restaurants close to a given
>> point using a range scan of the index.
>> 
>> So, the above query could be rewritten to something like
>> 
>>  select *
>>  from restaurants as r
>>  where (r.h between 123456 and 123599
>>      or r.h between 256789 and 259887)
>>    and st_distance_internal(point(-122.4194, 37.7749), r.coordinates) <= 1;
>> 
>> The range predicates on r.h quickly eliminate 99.9% of the rows in the
>> database, and the call to st_distance_internal eliminates the
>> remaining false positives.
>> 
>> That rewrite can be done using a logical rewrite rule, and the
>> resulting query will be faster on just about any database, but
>> especially one with key-sorted tables (like Phoenix/HBase) or
>> range-partitioned tables. The database does not need to have a
>> dedicated "spatial index" data structure.
>> 
>> Julian
>> 
>> [1] http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/sfs
>> 
>> [2] http://math.bme.hu/~gnagy/mmsz/eloadasok/BisztrayDenes2014.pdf
> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> Regards,
> 
> Atri
> l'apprenant

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