Hello, team. 

Thank you for all the effort you have put into this project over the years.

After updating to calcite 1.33.0, I found that validation of the following 
query fails with a ClassCastException.

Query: SELECT COALESCE(DATE '2021-07-08', DATE '2020-01-01’)

Error:

org.apache.calcite.tools.ValidationException: java.lang.ClassCastException: 
class org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlLiteral cannot be cast to class 
org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlUnknownLiteral (org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlLiteral and 
org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlUnknownLiteral are in unnamed module of loader 'app')

        at org.apache.calcite.prepare.PlannerImpl.validate(PlannerImpl.java:226)
        at 
org.apache.calcite.rex.RexSqlStandardConvertletTableTest.convertSqlToRel(RexSqlStandardConvertletTableTest.java:101)
        at 
com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater$1.execute(IdeaTestRunner.java:38)
        at 
com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.TestsRepeater.repeat(TestsRepeater.java:11)
        at 
com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:35)
        at 
com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:235)
        at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:54)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: class 
org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlLiteral cannot be cast to class 
org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlUnknownLiteral (org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlLiteral and 
org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlUnknownLiteral are in unnamed module of loader 'app')
        at 
org.apache.calcite.sql.validate.SqlValidatorImpl.resolveLiteral(SqlValidatorImpl.java:6152)
        at 
org.apache.calcite.sql.validate.SqlValidatorImpl$Expander.visit(SqlValidatorImpl.java:6617)
        at 
org.apache.calcite.sql.validate.SqlValidatorImpl$Expander.visit(SqlValidatorImpl.java:6590)

When I move a commit pointer prior to the commit that introduces 
SqlUnknownLiteral ([CALCITE-5424] Customize handling of literals based on type 
system), the test cases above passes successfully.
I haven’t given a more thorough look at this error and maybe this behaviour was 
introduced after that commit,  but I think this error is most likely a bug.
The reproducer (added to RexSqlStandardConvertletTableTest):
  @Test void testCoalesceWithUnknownLiteral() {
    final Project project = (Project) convertSqlToRel(
        "SELECT COALESCE(DATE '2021-07-08', DATE '2020-01-01')", false);

    final RexNode rex = project.getProjects().get(0);
    final RexToSqlNodeConverter rexToSqlNodeConverter = rexToSqlNodeConverter();
    final SqlNode convertedSql = rexToSqlNodeConverter.convertNode(rex);

    assertEquals(
        "CASE WHEN DATE '2021-07-08' IS NOT NULL THEN DATE '2021-07-08' ELSE 
DATE '2020-01-01' END",
        convertedSql.toString());
  }

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CALCITE-5424

Best regards,
Max Zhuravkov


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