I think there is a danger that when in comes to the next upgrade cycle there 
could be production clusters still running in CASSANDRA_4 mode, as the 
operators haven’t realised they need to move through the SCM levels. The 
default setting for a new cluster is CASSANDRA_4 and unless a new operator is 
going to use the new Cassandra 5 features they may not work out the SCM needs 
to change. 

I can also imagine that there will be a lot left in UPGRADING mode, from what I 
can work out, for a cluster working within its performance boundaries there 
seems to be no real reason to go from UGRADING -> NONE, on very large clusters 
where a rolling restart is a pain, I currently don’t see a reason for 
recommending this last step, unless it is combined with something else that 
requires a rolling restart.

SCM documentation has been hard to find, the only info I have found is in the 
NEWS.txt file, this also implies that SCM will be removed for the next release.

Thanks 
Paul

> On 11 Dec 2024, at 13:41, Sam Tunnicliffe <s...@beobal.com> wrote:
> 
> My point is that the upgrade to 5.1/6.0 isn't really complete until the CMS 
> is initialised and this can't be done while running with SCM CASSANDRA_4 
> because of the messaging service limitation. Until that point, schema changes 
> & node replacements are not supported which affects how long a bake time is 
> tolerable. 
> This specific issue could probably be fixed by revisiting the SCM 
> implementation in 5.1/6.0, so we should certainly do that but the fact 
> remains that we don't have great test coverage to indicate how clusters 
> behave when running in SCM for a prolonged period.  
> 
> Thanks, 
> Sam
> 
>> On 11 Dec 2024, at 13:29, Brandon Williams <dri...@gmail.com> wrote:
>> 
>> On Wed, Dec 11, 2024 at 7:22 AM Sam Tunnicliffe <s...@beobal.com> wrote:
>>> 
>>> so running in any SCM mode for a prolonged period is not really viable.
>> 
>> This is what many users want to do though, upgrade one DC and let it
>> bake to see how it goes before continuing.  I don't think that's
>> unreasonable, but from working on CASSANDRA-20118 I know how difficult
>> that is already.  I don't think we've built enough SCM muscle yet to
>> think about handling multiple previous versions.
>> 
>> Kind Regards,
>> Brandon
> 

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