GitHub user vishnu-chalil closed a discussion: Design Rationale for Single-Type 
Catalogs vs. Unified Alternatives

Dear Gravitino Community,

I’ve been evaluating Apache Gravitino’s catalog architecture and noticed that 
each catalog instance is designed to support only one type of data (e.g., 
relational, file-based, or messaging). While this separation seems intentional, 
I’m curious about the trade-offs compared to unified catalog designs like Open 
Source Unity Catalog (OSUC), which allows multiple data types (tables, files, 
ML models, etc.) within a single catalog. Could you elaborate on:

Design Philosophy: What motivated Gravitino’s choice to enforce single-type 
catalogs, and were unified alternatives (like OSUC) considered?

Advantages/Disadvantages: How does this approach improve scalability, 
performance, or metadata isolation compared to unified models? Are there 
limitations (e.g., cross-type queries) that users should anticipate?

Future Flexibility: Are there plans to support hybrid use cases (e.g., 
file-to-table lineage) across catalogs, or is the separation considered a 
long-term design constraint?

I’m particularly interested in how Gravitino’s approach aligns with polyglot 
data ecosystems (e.g., lakes with mixed formats) versus solutions like OSUC 
that unify metadata under one interface. Any insights or relevant design docs 
would be greatly appreciated!

GitHub link: https://github.com/apache/gravitino/discussions/7135

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