Michael Osipov created HTTPCLIENT-2159:
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Summary: Invalid handling of charset content type parameter
Key: HTTPCLIENT-2159
URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HTTPCLIENT-2159
Project: HttpComponents HttpClient
Issue Type: Bug
Components: HttpCache
Reporter: Michael Osipov
Based on [~reschke]'s,
[comment|https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HTTPCLIENT-2144?focusedCommentId=17310053&page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels%3Acomment-tabpanel#comment-17310053].
We are treating several content types incorrectly. We have in
{{org.apache.hc.core5.http.ContentType}} several content types defined which
are per definition UTF-8 and do not contain any {{charset}} parameter or have
another form transport encoding. Affected are:
{code}
public static final ContentType APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED = create(
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded", StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1);
public static final ContentType APPLICATION_JSON = create(
"application/json", StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
public static final ContentType APPLICATION_NDJSON = create(
"application/x-ndjson", StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
public static final ContentType APPLICATION_PDF = create(
"application/pdf", StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
public static final ContentType APPLICATION_PROBLEM_JSON = create(
"application/problem+json", StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
public static final ContentType MULTIPART_FORM_DATA = create(
"multipart/form-data", StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1);
public static final ContentType MULTIPART_MIXED = create(
"multipart/mixed", StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1);
public static final ContentType MULTIPART_RELATED = create(
"multipart/related", StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1);
public static final ContentType TEXT_HTML = create(
"text/html", StandardCharsets.ISO_8859_1);
public static final ContentType TEXT_EVENT_STREAM = create(
"text/event-stream", StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
{code}
* {{application/x-www-form-urlencoded}}: Does not have a charset parameter:
https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/x-www-form-urlencoded.
HTML5 defines https://url.spec.whatwg.org/#urlencoded-serializing how to apply
alternative encoding, but UTF-8 is standard.
* {{application/json}}, {{"application/x-ndjson}},
{{application/problem+json}}: There is not charset definition because JSON is
*always* UTF-8. The charset paremeter has no meaning:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8259#section-11
* {{application/pdf}}: This is binary encoding, no charset
* {{text/event-stream}}: Defined *always* as UTF-8:
https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/server-sent-events.html#server-sent-events-intro
* {{text/html}} https://html.spec.whatwg.org/ does not define ISO-8859-1 to be
a default encoding. it says that encoding must be supplied by some means and an
algorithm is applied to find it. It seems that UTF-8 is expected these days.
* {{multipart/mixed}}: Does not have a charset parameter, it is up to the parts
to supply proper encoding to perform byte-to-char conversion:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2046
* {{multipart/related}}: Does not have a charset parameter, it is up to the
parts to supply proper encoding to perform byte-to-char conversion:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2387
* {{multipart/form-data}}: Does not have a charset parameter, the RFC defines a
{{_charset_}} form field for that:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7578#section-4.6
{{charset}} applies to the transport layer only and never to the semantics of
the content-type. E.g., {{application/x-www-form-urlencoded}}.
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