Vladimir Ozerov created IGNITE-6418:
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             Summary: Binary: optionally write integer datatypes with varint 
encoding
                 Key: IGNITE-6418
                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IGNITE-6418
             Project: Ignite
          Issue Type: Task
          Components: binary
    Affects Versions: 2.1
            Reporter: Vladimir Ozerov


Currently all integer data types are written as is. {{Integer}} always takes 4 
bytes, {{Long}} - 8 bytes, etc.

There is well-known technique called "varint encoding" which can compress 
integer values [1]. When used, {{Integer}} can take 1-5 bytes, {{Long}} - 1-10 
bytes. So when values are small enough we can save a lot of space. 

But this technique is not unversal, as big encoded values might require more 
bytes comparing to plain form. Also it might cause slowdowns in SQL engine. So 
this approach cannot be applied globally. Instead, we should allow users to 
control whether they want to use this technique or not.

One possible approach is to add some annotation and several new methods to 
{{BinaryWriter}} and {{BinaryReader}}, which will control whether varint is 
used or not.

[1] https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/encoding#varints



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