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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/LUCENE-4864?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=13609573#comment-13609573
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Michael McCandless commented on LUCENE-4864:
--------------------------------------------

I ran a perf test with the full (wikimediumall) Wiki index, base = MMapDir, 
comp = AsyncFSDir:
{noformat}
                    Task    QPS base      StdDev    QPS comp      StdDev        
        Pct diff
              AndHighLow      567.56      (0.8%)       69.48      (0.1%)  
-87.8% ( -87% -  -87%)
                 Respell       42.45      (4.0%)        5.70      (0.2%)  
-86.6% ( -87% -  -85%)
               LowPhrase       23.23      (1.4%)        3.34      (0.1%)  
-85.6% ( -85% -  -85%)
                  Fuzzy2       54.01      (5.1%)        8.60      (0.1%)  
-84.1% ( -84% -  -83%)
                  Fuzzy1       51.34      (4.3%)        9.47      (0.2%)  
-81.6% ( -82% -  -80%)
         LowSloppyPhrase       24.87      (1.0%)        5.28      (0.0%)  
-78.7% ( -79% -  -78%)
              AndHighMed       78.75      (0.5%)       19.49      (0.3%)  
-75.2% ( -75% -  -74%)
                Wildcard       26.69      (2.7%)        7.97      (0.3%)  
-70.1% ( -71% -  -69%)
              HighPhrase       12.71      (7.2%)        3.98      (1.0%)  
-68.6% ( -71% -  -65%)
               MedPhrase      138.73      (6.5%)       51.65      (1.3%)  
-62.8% ( -66% -  -58%)
             LowSpanNear        8.73      (1.6%)        3.28      (0.6%)  
-62.5% ( -63% -  -61%)
         MedSloppyPhrase       27.76      (1.1%)       11.54      (0.3%)  
-58.4% ( -59% -  -57%)
                 MedTerm       64.12     (16.2%)       28.16      (3.2%)  
-56.1% ( -64% -  -43%)
             AndHighHigh       19.39      (0.4%)        8.78      (0.3%)  
-54.7% ( -55% -  -54%)
                HighTerm       51.06     (16.8%)       23.16      (4.6%)  
-54.6% ( -65% -  -39%)
               OrHighMed       28.74      (0.4%)       14.31      (0.6%)  
-50.2% ( -51% -  -49%)
               OrHighLow       27.15      (0.2%)       13.69      (0.9%)  
-49.6% ( -50% -  -48%)
              OrHighHigh       16.17      (0.2%)        8.25      (0.8%)  
-49.0% ( -49% -  -48%)
            HighSpanNear        3.28      (0.6%)        1.68      (0.6%)  
-48.7% ( -49% -  -47%)
             MedSpanNear       29.58      (0.5%)       15.59      (0.8%)  
-47.3% ( -48% -  -46%)
        HighSloppyPhrase        0.78      (3.2%)        0.42      (0.3%)  
-46.3% ( -48% -  -44%)
                  IntNRQ        3.35      (2.8%)        1.80      (1.0%)  
-46.2% ( -48% -  -43%)
                 Prefix3       18.97      (2.6%)       10.45      (1.1%)  
-44.9% ( -47% -  -42%)
                 LowTerm      312.34      (9.0%)      182.24      (2.8%)  
-41.7% ( -49% -  -32%)
{noformat}

I think the Future/wait is just too costly ...
                
> Add AsyncFSDirectory to work around Windows issues with NIOFS (Lucene 5.0 
> only)
> -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: LUCENE-4864
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/LUCENE-4864
>             Project: Lucene - Core
>          Issue Type: Improvement
>          Components: core/store
>    Affects Versions: 5.0
>            Reporter: Michael Poindexter
>         Attachments: LUCENE-4864.patch, LUCENE-4864.patch
>
>
> On LUCENE-4848 a new directory implementation was proposed that uses 
> AsyncFileChannel to make a sync-less directory implementation (only needed 
> for IndexInput). The problem on Windows is that positional reads are 
> impossible without overlapping (async) I/O, so FileChannel in the JDK has to 
> syncronize all reads, because they consist of an atomic seek and atomic read.
> AsyncFSDirectoty would not have this issue, but has to take care of thread 
> management, because you need a separate thread to get notified when the read 
> is done. This involves overhead, but might still be better than the 
> synchronization.

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