NightOwl888 commented on code in PR #1089:
URL: https://github.com/apache/lucenenet/pull/1089#discussion_r1907235951


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src/Lucene.Net/Support/Text/EncodingExtensions.cs:
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@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+using System.Text;
+
+namespace Lucene.Net.Support.Text
+{
+    /*
+     * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+     * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+     * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+     * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+     * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+     * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+     *
+     *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+     *
+     * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     * limitations under the License.
+     */
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Extension methods for <see cref="Encoding"/>.
+    /// </summary>
+    internal static class EncodingExtensions
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Returns a new <see cref="Encoding"/> instance with the <see 
cref="DecoderFallback"/> set to throw
+        /// an exception when an invalid byte sequence is encountered.
+        /// <para />
+        /// This is equivalent to Java's <c>CodingErrorAction.REPORT</c> for 
both <c>onMalformedInput</c> and
+        /// <c>onUnmappableCharacter</c> and will throw a <see 
cref="DecoderFallbackException"/> when failing
+        /// to decode a string. This exception is equivalent to Java's 
<c>CharacterCodingException</c>, which is
+        /// a base exception type for both <c>MalformedInputException</c> and 
<c>UnmappableCharacterException</c>.
+        /// Thus, to translate Java code that catches any of those exceptions, 
you can catch
+        /// <see cref="DecoderFallbackException"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="encoding">The encoding to clone and set the fallback 
on.</param>
+        /// <returns>A new <see cref="Encoding"/> instance with the fallback 
set to throw an exception.</returns>
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// Note that it is necessary to return a new, cloned <see 
cref="Encoding"/> instance because
+        /// the <see cref="Encoding.DecoderFallback"/> property is read-only 
without cloning.
+        /// </remarks>
+        public static Encoding WithDecoderExceptionFallback(this Encoding 
encoding)
+        {
+            Encoding newEncoding = (Encoding)encoding.Clone();

Review Comment:
   I like the syntax, but it does a heap allocation every time the extension 
method is called. Let's change it to use a `ConcurrentDictionary` as a cache.
   
   ```c#
   internal static class EncodingExtensions
   {
       private static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<Encoding, Encoding> 
exceptionFallbackCache = new ConcurrentDictionary<Encoding, Encoding>();
       
       public static Encoding WithDecoderExceptionFallback(this Encoding 
encoding)
       {
           return exceptionFallbackCache.GetOrAdd(encoding, e =>
           {
               Encoding newEncoding = (Encoding)e.Clone();
               newEncoding.DecoderFallback = DecoderFallback.ExceptionFallback;
               return newEncoding;
           });
       }
   }
   ```
   
   `GetOrAdd()` isn't atomic so there is a slight chance we will get an extra 
instance if 2 threads call it at the same time, but it doesn't affect 
correctness and isn't very likely to happen.
   
   According to ChatGPT, the `GetHashCode()` method of `Encoding` is not 
particularly well optimized, so it might be worth it to make a key based on the 
`CodePage` and `DecoderFallback` setting to avoid that overhead. But it would 
need benchmarking to see whether that makes much of a difference.



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