Any additional input?

On 2026/07/17 13:55:56 Kristian Rickert wrote:
> Everyone:
> 
> The draft PR (#1182) now reflects all 4 points, one commit per point so
> each is reviewable on its own.
> 
> tl;dr - Everything promised in the last mail is now spec text plus
> enforcing code plus contract tests, nothing is prose-only.
> 
> 1. Namespaced ids (86f4bee). Every key the toolkit defines carries the
> "opennlp:" prefix: opennlp:sentences, opennlp:tokens, opennlp:pos,
> opennlp:entities, and opennlp:lemmas / opennlp:stems on the adapters.
> Extensions use their own prefix, bare ids stay legal for application-local
> layers. The rule is stated on Layers, on LayerKey, and in the manual
> chapter.
> 2. Per-key scope (6c38c23). LayerKey now declares POSITIONAL or DOCUMENT.
> Positional is the default and guarantees a span on every annotation;
> LayerKey.document(id, type) creates a key for whole-document values
> (language id, category distributions, provenance), and Annotation.of(value)
> builds the span-less entry. The container polices it in both directions at
> insertion, naming the layer: a span-less annotation under a positional key
> is rejected, a spanned one under a document key likewise. One consequence
> you should know before commenting: key equality is now (id, type, scope),
> so a positional and a document key with the same id and type are distinct
> layers, same as the existing id-with-different-type rule.
> 3.  Invariants (a657c00). Transcribed onto the Document interface and into
> the manual: insertion order is preserved and never reordered, layers are
> immutable once added and detached from the caller's input list, add is
> once-only operation that rejects duplicates by naming the key, therefore
> index references stay valid for the document's lifetime. The wording
> matches what the contract tests enforce, nothing new was invented for the
> prose.
> 4. Gold versus predicted (48321ff).  Documented as the convention on Layers
> and in the manual: gold:opennlp:tokens beside opennlp:tokens, and a
> contract test pins that both live independently and neither can replace the
> other.
> 
> Thoughts are encouraged for the draft "opennlp:" prefix itself (versus
> something dotted) and the gold:opennlp:tokens double-prefix shape.  I
> prefer the ":" as the "." convention feels less of a separation.
> 
> This is a great moment to discuss, as it'll establish a new convention.
> 
> - Kristian
> 
> On Thu, Jul 16, 2026 at 1:58 PM Kristian Rickert <[email protected]> wrote:
> 
> > Hi Richard,
> >
> > Thanks for doing the survey before forming an opinion; the convergence you
> > found is the best argument the design could get. I am adopting all four
> > points. Short version first:
> >
> > tl;dr - Spans are baked in by construction. The only span-less things are
> > whole-document facts, and those are declared at the key level, not skipped
> > at return time.
> >
> > 1. Key identity. Equality is the (id, type) pair, pinned by contract
> > tests: same id and type address one layer, same id with a different type is
> > a distinct coexisting layer. Standard keys get namespaced ids before the
> > freeze ("opennlp:" prefix, extensions use their own prefix, bare ids stay
> > legal for application-local layers).
> >
> > 2. Annotations without spans. The span is structurally mandatory today:
> > the annotation record rejects a null span and the container rejects
> > out-of-bounds spans, so no code path returns a span-less result. The census
> > of every annotator built so far:
> >
> >
> > +---------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
> >   | Annotator                       | Span anchors on
> >  |
> >
> > +---------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
> >   | Sentence / tokenizer adapters   | detected spans; tokens shifted to
> >  |
> >   |                                 | document coordinates
> > |
> >   | POS / lemmatizer / stemmer      | each token's span
> >  |
> >   | Name finder                     | the entity span
> >  |
> >   | Glossary                        | the match span
> > |
> >   | PII                             | the mention span
> > |
> >   | Coreference (chains)            | each member mention's span
> > |
> >   | Money / quantity / temporal /   | the mention span
> > |
> >   |   currency conversion           |
> >  |
> >   | Document date                   | the electing mention's span
> >  |
> >   | Geocoding (locations)           | the resolved mention's span
> >  |
> >   | Containment (hierarchy)         | the location mention's span
> >  |
> >   | Dependencies                    | the dependent token's span
> > |
> >   | Relations                       | the covering span of both arguments
> >  |
> >   | Embeddings                      | the source annotation's span
> > |
> >
> > +---------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
> >
> > Only one layer spans the document as a whole (the region ballot, currently
> > on a whole-document span). Proposal: scope is declared per key, never per
> > annotation. Positional keys guarantee a span on every entry;
> > document-scoped keys carry values without spans (language id, categories,
> > provenance, the ballot). That is the UIMA offset-bearing versus offset-free
> > split you cited, at library weight, and document-scoped layers staying
> > lists fits the real payloads (a categorizer returns a scored distribution).
> >
> > 3. Invariants. All three are implemented and contract-tested, and the spec
> > will state them: insertion order is preserved and never sorted; layers are
> > immutable once added and detached from the caller's input; providing an
> > existing layer is rejected loudly, add is once-only. Index references
> > (dependencies point at token positions) therefore stay valid for the
> > document's lifetime.
> >
> > 4. Gold versus predicted. Documented as a convention on the same namespace
> > scheme (gold:opennlp:tokens beside opennlp:tokens); with the once-only
> > rule, competing versions always live under distinct keys and never replace
> > each other.
> >
> > Acceptance criterion adopted, and it is already an observation rather than
> > a promise: the feature branches on the PoC fork add all of the layers above
> > without a single edit to the container package.
> >
> > Given this feedback, mind if I fold points 1 through 4 into the spec text?
> > Not finalizing, just updating.
> >
> > Rungs,
> > Kristian
> >
> > On Thu, Jul 16, 2026 at 1:22 PM Richard Zowalla <[email protected]> wrote:
> >
> >> Thanks for the summary. I did some homework on how other systems solve
> >> this before forming an opinion. Short version: the proposed design is not
> >> novel architecture. That is its strength. The same pattern has emerged
> >> independently in at least four mature systems.
> >>
> >> INCEpTION defines no container of its own. It sits on the UIMA CAS
> >> [1][2]. The CAS holds the original text and typed feature structures with
> >> begin and end offsets into it. That is classic standoff annotation, the
> >> same rule the proposal states for spans. What INCEpTION calls a layer is a
> >> UIMA type plus configurable behaviors. It distinguishes span layers,
> >> relation layers, chain layers for coreference, and metadata layers without
> >> offsets. The difference is weight. UIMA declares its type system in XML
> >> descriptors and carries reflection and serialization machinery with it. The
> >> proposal is deliberately the lightweight end of that spectrum. For a
> >> library, as opposed to an annotation platform, that is the right decision,
> >> IMHO.
> >>
> >> Stanford CoreNLP is the closest match (to us), almost line for line. Its
> >> Annotation is a type safe heterogeneous map in the sense of Bloch
> >> [3][4][5]. Keys are class objects parameterized by the value type. The
> >> container never enumerates keys. Any module adds a new key without touching
> >> the core. The proposed LayerKey is the same pattern with string identity
> >> instead of class identity. That design has held up in Standford's CoreNLP
> >> for over fifteen years.
> >>
> >> spaCy has one owning Doc object, spans as views into it, and doc.spans as
> >> a dict of named span groups under open string keys [6]. Pipeline components
> >> declare assigns and requires metadata, and the pipeline analyzer validates
> >> ordering. That is a direct precedent for the proposed requires and provides
> >> methods. GATE uses named annotation sets with untyped feature maps [7]. It
> >> is open ended like the proposal but stringly typed in its values, which the
> >> Class parameter in LayerKey correctly avoids.
> >>
> >> So the field has converged four times on the same shape: standoff spans
> >> over immutable original text, open keyed typed layers, a container ignorant
> >> of payloads, and pipelines ordered by declared dependencies.
> >> The guardrail note in the ticket, that the doc container must never learn
> >> about specific layers, is the single most important sentence in it.
> >>
> >> Four points where the precedents diverge and where I would tighten the
> >> spec before the freeze:
> >>
> >> 1. Key identity. CoreNLP gets collision free identity from class objects.
> >> String ids do not. Two extensions can both mint "entities". The spec should
> >> define key equality and adopt namespaced ids for the standard keys, IMHO.
> >> 2. Annotations without spans. Language id, document categories,
> >> provenance. Every precedent grew a home for these. UIMA has types without
> >> offsets, spaCy has doc level attributes, INCEpTION has metadata layers.
> >> Retrofitting this later creates exactly the parallel surface the proposal
> >> wants to prevent, so we should think about that upfront.
> >> 3. Index based references need stated invariants. UIMA and CoreNLP
> >> reference annotations by object identity. Indices are better for
> >> immutability and serialization, but only if layer order is defined and
> >> existing layers are never mutated or reordered. The spec should -
> >> therefore- also say what happens when an annotator provides a layer that
> >> already exists. This needs to be defined.
> >> 4. Gold versus predicted layers: GATE annotation sets and UIMA views
> >> exist because corpora might carry competing versions of the same layer.
> >> Open string keys already handle this. The convention should simply be
> >> documented.
> >>
> >> At a first glance, the validatio plan from the Jira looks right.
> >> Dependency parsing is precisely the consumer that stresses cross layer
> >> references, and coreference will inherit the same rules.
> >> I would also make the acceptance criterion, that a new layer can be added
> >> without touching the container package.
> >>
> >> Gruß
> >> Richard
> >>
> >> [1] INCEpTION Developer Guide.
> >> https://inception-project.github.io/releases/26.8/docs/developer-guide.html
> >> [2] Klie JC, Bugert M, Boullosa B, Eckart de Castilho R, Gurevych I. The
> >> INCEpTION Platform: Machine Assisted and Knowledge Oriented Interactive
> >> Annotation. COLING 2018. https://aclanthology.org/C18-2002.pdf
> >> [3] TypesafeMap. Stanford CoreNLP API.
> >> https://nlp.stanford.edu/nlp/javadoc/javanlp-3.5.0/edu/stanford/nlp/util/TypesafeMap.html
> >> [4] Annotation. Stanford CoreNLP API.
> >> https://nlp.stanford.edu/nlp/javadoc/javanlp-3.5.0/edu/stanford/nlp/pipeline/Annotation.html
> >> [5] CoreAnnotation. Stanford CoreNLP API.
> >> https://nlp.stanford.edu/nlp/javadoc/javanlp-3.5.0/edu/stanford/nlp/ling/CoreAnnotation.html
> >> [6] spaCy Doc API. https://spacy.io/api/doc
> >> [7] GATE Documentation, Language Resources: Corpora, Documents and
> >> Annotations. https://gate.ac.uk/sale/tao/splitch5.html
> >>
> >> > Am 15.07.2026 um 21:33 schrieb Kristian Rickert <[email protected]>:
> >> >
> >> > I accidentally sent a draft. To clear things up, I’ve opened
> >> OPENNLP-1888
> >> > to spark a design discussion around introducing a generic Document type
> >> > into the 3.0 API.
> >> >
> >> > Currently, our Java API is tool-by-tool; as we look toward adding more
> >> > complex, structured results (like dependency arcs or relations),
> >> continuing
> >> > this pattern means we'll end up building parallel surface areas for
> >> every
> >> > new capability.
> >> >
> >> > The proposal in the JIRA ticket aims to solve this by introducing a
> >> small,
> >> > unified container in opennlp-api that uses typed annotation layers over
> >> the
> >> > original text. I want to emphasize right away that this deprecates and
> >> > replaces absolutely nothing in the existing task-level API; it simply
> >> > provides a clean, additive way to handle combined-document views moving
> >> > forward. I'd really love it if we could take a look at the full
> >> > architecture, constraints, and motivations in the ticket and share your
> >> > thoughts.
> >> >
> >> > I think this design covers what you'd see in other APIs as well as some
> >> new
> >> > frontier ideas.
> >> >
> >> > Thoughts?
> >> >
> >> > On Wed, Jul 15, 2026 at 3:17 PM Richard Zowalla <[email protected]>
> >> wrote:
> >> >
> >> >> Did this mail get mangled?
> >> >>
> >> >>> Am 15.07.2026 um 00:17 schrieb Kristian Rickert <[email protected]
> >> >:
> >> >>>
> >> >>> Two main points:
> >> >>>
> >> >>> - OPENNLP-1888 has not been started; it was created as a design
> >> >>> discussion regarding a generic document shape I'm recommending.
> >> Details
> >> >> in
> >> >>> the ticket
> >> >>> - Thank you everyone for the detailed feedback. I'll ensure every PR
> >> has
> >> >>> a section in the documentation.
> >> >>>
> >> >>> OPENNLP-1888 was opened to discuss a generic Document type for the new
> >> >> API
> >> >>> interface. Details are in the ticket, but here is the initial shape
> >> and I
> >> >>> would like anyone's thoughts on it:
> >> >>>
> >> >>> public interface Document {
> >> >>> CharSequence text();                            // the original text,
> >> >>> never a normalized form
> >> >>> <T> List<Annotation<T>> get(LayerKey<T> layer); // empty list when the
> >> >>> layer is absent
> >> >>> Set<LayerKey<?>> layers();
> >> >>> }
> >> >>>
> >> >>> public record Annotation<T>(Span span, T value) { }
> >> >>>
> >> >>> public final class LayerKey<T> {
> >> >>> public static <T> LayerKey<T> of(String id, Class<T> type) { ... }
> >> >>> }
> >> >>>
> >> >>> public interface DocumentAnnotator {
> >> >>> Document annotate(Document document);           // returns a new
> >> >> document
> >> >>> with layers added
> >> >>> Set<LayerKey<?>> requires();
> >> >>> Set<LayerKey<?>> provides();
> >> >>> }
> >> >>
> >>
> >>
> 

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