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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/PDFBOX-6194?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=18078360#comment-18078360
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Andreas Lehmkühler commented on PDFBOX-6194:
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I dug deeper into this and the behaviour is strange. Everything works fine if
the sample pdfs are processed separately or in reversed order.
However I've found the commit which introduced the issue to 3.0 :
[r1929914|https://svn.apache.org/r1929914]
I haven't any idea yet, what went wrong, still investigating.
> COSStream becomes COSDictionary after save — shared XObject reference
> replaced by Font
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Key: PDFBOX-6194
> URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/PDFBOX-6194
> Project: PDFBox
> Issue Type: Bug
> Components: PDModel
> Affects Versions: 3.0.7 PDFBox
> Environment: Windows Server 2016, Java 21, PDFBox 3.0.7
> Reporter: HABA
> Priority: Major
> Attachments: 000012.pdf, 000016.pdf, 000025.pdf, bad-000016.pdf,
> bad-000025.pdf, image-2026-04-20-12-33-11-057.png,
> image-2026-04-20-13-52-20-247.png, image-2026-04-20-13-52-44-302.png,
> image-2026-05-01-19-07-19-330.png, screenshot-1.png
>
>
> Hi,
> `document.save()` corrupts an `/XObject` on page 3 of a 3-page PDF.
> Before save:
> - `Obj5` = `COSStream` (ImageMask)
> After save:
> - `Obj5` = `COSDictionary` (Courier font)
> Pages 1–2 are unaffected. All pages share the same indirect XObject refs
> (`Obj4`, `Obj5`).
> Flow:
> - load PDF
> - render pages via `PDFRenderer.renderImageWithDPI()`
> - append invisible OCR text using `PDPageContentStream` (AppendMode.APPEND,
> Courier)
> - save document → corruption occurs
> Result:
> java.io.IOException: Unexpected object type: COSDictionary
>
> Reproduced consistently on:
> * Windows Server 2016, Java 21, PDFBox 3.0.7
> Not reproducible on:
> * Windows 11, Java 21 (same code + input)
> Likely related to shared indirect XObject being overwritten during save.
> Cannot share original PDF (confidential), but can test with synthetic
> reproducer if needed.
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