https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=63057

            Bug ID: 63057
           Summary: *Cell.setCellValue(String/RichTextString) is not
                    exception-safe
           Product: POI
           Version: 4.0.x-dev
          Hardware: PC
            Status: NEW
          Severity: normal
          Priority: P2
         Component: SS Common
          Assignee: [email protected]
          Reporter: [email protected]
  Target Milestone: ---

In all three implementations of Cell, in setCellValue(String) and
setCellValue(RichTextString) cell is convertyed to STRING before all checks
have passed (or failed). That is, if the passed string exceeds the maximum
length defined by the spreadsheet version, the method wil throw but the cell
contents will have changed.

The fix is simple: perform all checks before any invasive operation.

testcase:

@Test
public void setStringCellValue_ifThrows_shallNotChangeCell() {
    Cell cell =
_testDataProvider.createWorkbook().createSheet().createRow(0).createCell(0);

    final double value = 2.78;
    cell.setCellValue(value);
    assertEquals(CellType.NUMERIC, cell.getCellType());

    int badLength =
cell.getSheet().getWorkbook().getSpreadsheetVersion().getMaxTextLength() + 1;
    String badStringValue = new String(new byte[badLength]);

    try {
        cell.setCellValue(badStringValue);
    } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
        // no-op, expected to throw but we need to assert something more
    }

    assertEquals(CellType.NUMERIC, cell.getCellType()); // <- fails
    assertEquals(value, cell.getNumericCellValue(), 0); // <- fails, obviously
}

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