Copilot commented on code in PR #2880:
URL: https://github.com/apache/tika/pull/2880#discussion_r3380663055


##########
tika-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tika/config/TikaExtras.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.tika.config;
+
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.net.URLClassLoader;
+import java.nio.file.DirectoryStream;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Opt-in mechanism for adding user-supplied "extras" jars (extra
+ * {@code EncodingDetector}s, {@code Parser}s, etc.) to Tika's SPI discovery
+ * without repackaging the application.
+ *
+ * <p><b>Off by default.</b> Nothing is loaded unless the
+ * {@value #EXTRAS_DIR_PROPERTY} system property points at a directory; then 
every
+ * {@code *.jar} in it is made visible to service-loading.  There is no 
implicit or
+ * default directory — the feature is off unless the property is set.  (A 
relative
+ * property value is resolved against the process working directory, like any 
path.)
+ *
+ * <p><b>Security:</b> this is a trusted code directory — anything in it runs 
with
+ * the full privileges of the Tika process.  Treat write access to it exactly 
like
+ * write access to {@code lib/}; it must not be writable by less-trusted 
principals
+ * (for servers, not reachable by request handling).  Being opt-in keeps "we 
are
+ * now loading extra code" an explicit, auditable choice.
+ */
+public final class TikaExtras {
+
+    /** System property naming the extras directory.  Unset = feature off. */
+    public static final String EXTRAS_DIR_PROPERTY = "tika.extras.dir";
+
+    private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(TikaExtras.class);
+
+    private TikaExtras() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If {@value #EXTRAS_DIR_PROPERTY} is set, installs a classloader over the
+     * {@code *.jar} files in that directory as the thread + Tika
+     * {@link ServiceLoader} context classloader, so they join SPI discovery.
+     * No-op (returns {@code null}) when the property is unset or the 
directory is
+     * missing/empty.  Call exactly once at startup, before any Tika component 
is
+     * loaded: each call builds a new classloader, so repeated calls stack 
them and
+     * leave the earlier ones' open jar handles dangling.
+     *
+     * @return the installed classloader, or {@code null} if extras are 
off/empty
+     */
+    public static ClassLoader install() {
+        List<Path> jars = extraJars();
+        if (jars.isEmpty()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        List<URL> urls = new ArrayList<>(jars.size());
+        List<Path> loaded = new ArrayList<>(jars.size());
+        for (Path jar : jars) {
+            try {
+                urls.add(jar.toUri().toURL());
+                loaded.add(jar);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                LOG.warn("Skipping extra jar {}: {}", jar, e.toString());
+            }
+        }
+        if (urls.isEmpty()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        ClassLoader parent = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
+        if (parent == null) {
+            parent = TikaExtras.class.getClassLoader();
+        }
+        URLClassLoader cl = new URLClassLoader(urls.toArray(new URL[0]), 
parent);
+        Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(cl);
+        ServiceLoader.setContextClassLoader(cl);
+        LOG.info("{}: loaded {} extra jar(s): {}", EXTRAS_DIR_PROPERTY, 
loaded.size(), loaded);
+        return cl;
+    }

Review Comment:
   After successfully installing the extras classloader, cache it so subsequent 
`install()` calls can be idempotent and won't leak previous loaders.



##########
tika-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tika/config/TikaExtras.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.tika.config;
+
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.net.URLClassLoader;
+import java.nio.file.DirectoryStream;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Opt-in mechanism for adding user-supplied "extras" jars (extra
+ * {@code EncodingDetector}s, {@code Parser}s, etc.) to Tika's SPI discovery
+ * without repackaging the application.
+ *
+ * <p><b>Off by default.</b> Nothing is loaded unless the
+ * {@value #EXTRAS_DIR_PROPERTY} system property points at a directory; then 
every
+ * {@code *.jar} in it is made visible to service-loading.  There is no 
implicit or
+ * default directory — the feature is off unless the property is set.  (A 
relative
+ * property value is resolved against the process working directory, like any 
path.)
+ *
+ * <p><b>Security:</b> this is a trusted code directory — anything in it runs 
with
+ * the full privileges of the Tika process.  Treat write access to it exactly 
like
+ * write access to {@code lib/}; it must not be writable by less-trusted 
principals
+ * (for servers, not reachable by request handling).  Being opt-in keeps "we 
are
+ * now loading extra code" an explicit, auditable choice.
+ */
+public final class TikaExtras {
+
+    /** System property naming the extras directory.  Unset = feature off. */
+    public static final String EXTRAS_DIR_PROPERTY = "tika.extras.dir";
+
+    private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(TikaExtras.class);
+
+    private TikaExtras() {
+    }

Review Comment:
   `install()` can be called multiple times (e.g., embedded usage/tests) and 
will create a new `URLClassLoader` each time, leaving previous jar handles open 
until GC/finalization. Caching the first installed loader (and making 
installation synchronized) avoids resource leaks and jar-locking problems 
(notably on Windows).



##########
tika-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tika/config/TikaExtras.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.tika.config;
+
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.net.URLClassLoader;
+import java.nio.file.DirectoryStream;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Opt-in mechanism for adding user-supplied "extras" jars (extra
+ * {@code EncodingDetector}s, {@code Parser}s, etc.) to Tika's SPI discovery
+ * without repackaging the application.
+ *
+ * <p><b>Off by default.</b> Nothing is loaded unless the
+ * {@value #EXTRAS_DIR_PROPERTY} system property points at a directory; then 
every
+ * {@code *.jar} in it is made visible to service-loading.  There is no 
implicit or
+ * default directory — the feature is off unless the property is set.  (A 
relative
+ * property value is resolved against the process working directory, like any 
path.)
+ *
+ * <p><b>Security:</b> this is a trusted code directory — anything in it runs 
with
+ * the full privileges of the Tika process.  Treat write access to it exactly 
like
+ * write access to {@code lib/}; it must not be writable by less-trusted 
principals
+ * (for servers, not reachable by request handling).  Being opt-in keeps "we 
are
+ * now loading extra code" an explicit, auditable choice.
+ */
+public final class TikaExtras {
+
+    /** System property naming the extras directory.  Unset = feature off. */
+    public static final String EXTRAS_DIR_PROPERTY = "tika.extras.dir";
+
+    private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(TikaExtras.class);
+
+    private TikaExtras() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If {@value #EXTRAS_DIR_PROPERTY} is set, installs a classloader over the
+     * {@code *.jar} files in that directory as the thread + Tika
+     * {@link ServiceLoader} context classloader, so they join SPI discovery.
+     * No-op (returns {@code null}) when the property is unset or the 
directory is
+     * missing/empty.  Call exactly once at startup, before any Tika component 
is
+     * loaded: each call builds a new classloader, so repeated calls stack 
them and
+     * leave the earlier ones' open jar handles dangling.
+     *
+     * @return the installed classloader, or {@code null} if extras are 
off/empty
+     */
+    public static ClassLoader install() {
+        List<Path> jars = extraJars();
+        if (jars.isEmpty()) {
+            return null;
+        }

Review Comment:
   Make `install()` return the already-installed extras classloader if it has 
been set, rather than stacking new loaders on repeated calls. Declaring the 
method `synchronized` also prevents a race where two threads call `install()` 
concurrently and both create loaders.



##########
tika-core/src/main/java/org/apache/tika/config/TikaExtras.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.tika.config;
+
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.net.URLClassLoader;
+import java.nio.file.DirectoryStream;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Opt-in mechanism for adding user-supplied "extras" jars (extra
+ * {@code EncodingDetector}s, {@code Parser}s, etc.) to Tika's SPI discovery
+ * without repackaging the application.
+ *
+ * <p><b>Off by default.</b> Nothing is loaded unless the
+ * {@value #EXTRAS_DIR_PROPERTY} system property points at a directory; then 
every
+ * {@code *.jar} in it is made visible to service-loading.  There is no 
implicit or
+ * default directory — the feature is off unless the property is set.  (A 
relative
+ * property value is resolved against the process working directory, like any 
path.)
+ *
+ * <p><b>Security:</b> this is a trusted code directory — anything in it runs 
with
+ * the full privileges of the Tika process.  Treat write access to it exactly 
like
+ * write access to {@code lib/}; it must not be writable by less-trusted 
principals
+ * (for servers, not reachable by request handling).  Being opt-in keeps "we 
are
+ * now loading extra code" an explicit, auditable choice.
+ */
+public final class TikaExtras {
+
+    /** System property naming the extras directory.  Unset = feature off. */
+    public static final String EXTRAS_DIR_PROPERTY = "tika.extras.dir";
+
+    private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(TikaExtras.class);
+
+    private TikaExtras() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If {@value #EXTRAS_DIR_PROPERTY} is set, installs a classloader over the
+     * {@code *.jar} files in that directory as the thread + Tika
+     * {@link ServiceLoader} context classloader, so they join SPI discovery.
+     * No-op (returns {@code null}) when the property is unset or the 
directory is
+     * missing/empty.  Call exactly once at startup, before any Tika component 
is
+     * loaded: each call builds a new classloader, so repeated calls stack 
them and
+     * leave the earlier ones' open jar handles dangling.
+     *
+     * @return the installed classloader, or {@code null} if extras are 
off/empty
+     */
+    public static ClassLoader install() {
+        List<Path> jars = extraJars();
+        if (jars.isEmpty()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        List<URL> urls = new ArrayList<>(jars.size());
+        List<Path> loaded = new ArrayList<>(jars.size());
+        for (Path jar : jars) {
+            try {
+                urls.add(jar.toUri().toURL());
+                loaded.add(jar);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                LOG.warn("Skipping extra jar {}: {}", jar, e.toString());
+            }
+        }
+        if (urls.isEmpty()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        ClassLoader parent = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
+        if (parent == null) {
+            parent = TikaExtras.class.getClassLoader();
+        }
+        URLClassLoader cl = new URLClassLoader(urls.toArray(new URL[0]), 
parent);
+        Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(cl);
+        ServiceLoader.setContextClassLoader(cl);
+        LOG.info("{}: loaded {} extra jar(s): {}", EXTRAS_DIR_PROPERTY, 
loaded.size(), loaded);
+        return cl;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The {@code *.jar} files in the {@value #EXTRAS_DIR_PROPERTY} directory 
— for
+     * callers that extend a forked process's classpath rather than installing 
a
+     * classloader.  Empty when the property is unset or the directory is
+     * missing/has no jars.
+     */
+    public static List<Path> extraJars() {
+        Path dir = extrasDir();
+        if (dir == null || !Files.isDirectory(dir)) {
+            return Collections.emptyList();
+        }
+        List<Path> jars = new ArrayList<>();
+        try (DirectoryStream<Path> stream = Files.newDirectoryStream(dir, 
"*.jar")) {
+            for (Path jar : stream) {
+                jars.add(jar);
+            }
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            LOG.warn("Could not scan {}={}: {}", EXTRAS_DIR_PROPERTY, dir, 
e.toString());
+        }
+        // Sort by file name so jar load order (classloader URL order / 
forked-child
+        // classpath order, hence SPI precedence) is deterministic across 
platforms
+        // and filesystems rather than depending on directory iteration order.
+        jars.sort(Comparator.comparing(jar -> jar.getFileName().toString()));
+        return jars;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Appends the {@link #extraJars()} (as absolute paths, joined with the
+     * platform path separator) to the given classpath string — for extending a
+     * forked process's {@code -cp} with the extras jars.  Returns {@code 
classpath}
+     * unchanged when the feature is off or the directory has no jars.
+     *
+     * @param classpath the base classpath to extend
+     * @return the classpath with any extras jars appended
+     */
+    public static String appendJarsToClasspath(String classpath) {
+        List<Path> jars = extraJars();
+        if (jars.isEmpty()) {
+            return classpath;
+        }
+        String separator = System.getProperty("path.separator");

Review Comment:
   Use `File.pathSeparator` instead of the `path.separator` system property to 
avoid surprising behavior if the system property is cleared/overridden.



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