Severity: moderate 

Affected versions:

- Apache WSS4J 4.0.0 before 4.0.2
- Apache WSS4J 3.0.0 before 3.0.6
- Apache WSS4J before 2.4.4

Description:

Apache WSS4J remembers the Nonce of each UsernameToken it accepts, so a 
captured token cannot be reused. It stored the Nonce as raw base64 text, but 
authentication decodes that text and uses the bytes.The same bytes can be 
written as base64 in several ways. An attacker who captured an authenticated 
request could re-send it with a space added to the Nonce: the password digest 
still verified, but the token no longer matched the remembered one, so the 
replay was accepted. Since a UsernameToken does not cover the message body, the 
captured token could then be reused on requests of the attacker's choosing 
until it expired. Affects deployments with a nonce replay cache configured, as 
Apache CXF has by default, and only tokens using a password digest. The cache 
is now keyed on the decoded Nonce. Users are recommended to upgrade to versions 
4.0.2 or 3.0.6 or 2.4.4, which fix this issue.

Credit:

Reported by n0mi1k (finder)

References:

https://ws.apache.org/
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-92899


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