Add zk.updateServerList(newServerList) 
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                 Key: ZOOKEEPER-1355
                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ZOOKEEPER-1355
             Project: ZooKeeper
          Issue Type: New Feature
          Components: java client
            Reporter: Alexander Shraer
            Assignee: Alexander Shraer
             Fix For: 3.5.0


When the set of servers changes, we would like to update the server list stored 
by clients without restarting the clients.
Moreover, assuming that the number of clients per server is the same (in 
expectation) in the old configuration (as guaranteed by the current list 
shuffling for example), we would like to re-balance client connections across 
the new set of servers in a way that a) the number of clients per server is the 
same for all servers (in expectation) and b) there is no excessive/unnecessary 
client migration.

It is simple to achieve (a) without (b) - just re-shuffle the new list of 
servers at every client. But this would create unnecessary migration, which 
we'd like to avoid.

We propose a simple probabilistic migration scheme that achieves (a) and (b) - 
each client locally decides whether and where to migrate when the list of 
servers changes. The attached document describes the scheme and shows an 
evaluation of it in Zookeeper. We also implemented re-balancing through a 
consistent-hashing scheme and show a comparison. We derived the probabilistic 
migration rules from a simple formula that we can also provide, if someone's 
interested in the proof.

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