Well, I'm going slowly nuts here.  To get to the key point first, xrdb
shows that xterm's font is set to helvetica.  However, I am completely
unable to find where that happens.  One clue is that under KDE2 I have
the bad font, while under AfterStep things are "normal" (i.e., using
fixed).

On Sun, Jan 04, 2004 at 10:21:27AM -0500, Thomas Dickey wrote:
> On Sun, 4 Jan 2004, Ross Boylan wrote:
> 
> > With help from the tips here, I've managed to build a debug version of
> > xterm.
> >
> > This shows the font being used is
> > -adobe-helvetica-medium-r-normal--18-180-75-75-p-98-iso10646-1
> 
> That's probably from an X resource setting that looks like
> 
> *VT100*font5: -adobe-helvetica-medium-r-normal--18-180-75-75-p-98-iso10646-1
Do you mean that literally font5 is the default font, or was that just
suggestive?  At any rate, looking in my .Xresources,
/etc/X11/Xresources/ (which I think is Debian specific) and
app-defaults, the only stuff I see with helvetica is
*SimpleMenu*menuLabel.font: -adobe-helvetica-bold-r-normal--*-120-*-*-*-*-iso8859-*
in XTerm.  There is no definition of a font property (opposed to fontn or font.label.  
Here's some more font stuff from XTerm
*fontMenu.Label:  VT Fonts
*fontMenu*fontdefault*Label:    Default
*fontMenu*font1*Label:  Unreadable
*VT100*font1:           nil2
*IconFont:              nil2
*fontMenu*font2*Label:  Tiny
*VT100*font2:           5x7
*fontMenu*font3*Label:  Small
*VT100*font3:           6x10
*fontMenu*font4*Label:  Medium
*VT100*font4:           7x13
*fontMenu*font5*Label:  Large
*VT100*font5:           9x15
*fontMenu*font6*Label:  Huge
*VT100*font6:           10x20
*fontMenu*fontescape*Label:     Escape Sequence
*fontMenu*fontsel*Label:                Selection
!fontescape and fontsel overridden by application
*fontMenu*font-linedrawing*Label: Line-Drawing Characters
*fontMenu*font-doublesize*Label: Doublesized Characters
*fontMenu*font-loadable*Label:  VT220 Soft Fonts

UXTerm, which it's possible I'm using, has

*fontMenu.Label:  Unicode Fonts
*VT100*utf8:    1
*VT100*font2:   -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--8-80-75-75-c-50-iso10646-1
*VT100*font:    -misc-fixed-medium-r-semicondensed--13-120-75-75-c-60-iso10646-1
*VT100*font3:   -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--14-130-75-75-c-70-iso10646-1
*VT100*font4:   -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--13-120-75-75-c-80-iso10646-1
*VT100*font5:   -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--18-120-100-100-c-90-iso10646-1
*VT100*font6:   -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--20-200-75-75-c-100-iso10646-1

This does have a font entry, but it does not seem to govern.
> 
> The second "*" is redundant and will cause current xterm to produce a
> different font than older code.  See the "XTerm" app-defaults file,
> where it lists the ".utf8fonts" lines.

I guess that's been broken into UXTerm in my distro?

> 
> > I verified that starting xterm with this as -fn produces the same
> > result as plain xterm (namely spaced out fonts).
> >
> > It appears this is set in a call to XtVaCreateManagedWidget
> >     term = (XtermWidget) XtVaCreateManagedWidget(
> >             "vt100", xtermWidgetClass, form_top,
> >
> > which is outside of xterm (i.e., not in code I can debug easily).  The
> > startup trace shows -fn set to (standard).
> 
> Not exactly.  This calls functions that are declared for each widget.
> For xterm, the interesting ones are in charproc.c, e.g., VTInitialize().
> When the debug-trace is compiled in, most of the resource initialization
> is logged in "Trace-parent.out".

Is there a good way to find out what the sequence of call-backs is?  Is it sufficient 
to put a break on VTInitialize?


> 
> > Also, a header file defines DEFONT as "fixed", but this is never used
> > in the code, as far as I can tell (with grep).   Again, 4.2.1 source.
> 
> (4.2.1 is a little old, and current xterm source should build against that
> in any case).

My mistake: I used DEFONT not DEFFONT.  With that I see all but the fontutils.c entry 
you have below.
> 
> % Command: fgrep -n DEFFONT *
> > fgrep -n DEFFONT *
> charproc.c:456:    Sres(XtNfont, XtCFont, misc.default_font.f_n, DEFFONT),
> fontutils.c:971:        Sres(XtNfont, XtCFont, default_font.f_n, DEFFONT),
> main.h:35:#define DEFFONT                       "fixed"
> 
> > Does this mean that xterm is picking up X's general default font?  If
> > so, where is that set?
> 
> "fixed" is an alias, e.g., one of the symbols in a "fonts.alias" file
> under /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/... (see mkfontdir).
> 
The only alias for fixed was innocuous, not helvetica
$locate fonts.alias | xargs egrep -H '^fixed'
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/fonts.alias:fixed        
-misc-fixed-medium-r-semicondensed--13-120-75-75-c-60-iso8859-1

But xrdb -query returns
xterm*Font:     -adobe-helvetica-medium-r-normal--18-180-75-75-p-98-iso10646-1
xterm*background:       #ffffff
xterm*foreground:       #000000
xterm.SimpleMenu*background:    #eaeaea
xterm.SimpleMenu*font:  -adobe-helvetica-medium-r-normal--18-180-75-75-p-0-iso8859-1
xterm.SimpleMenu*foreground:    #000000

This is also kind of odd, because there are many more resources set
for xterm in app-defaults.
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