https://issues.dlang.org/show_bug.cgi?id=18532
--- Comment #4 from anonymous4 <dfj1es...@sneakemail.com> --- I'd say the spec just specifies encodings for strings, meaning that it can't be something else like EBCDIC or cp1252. There was a debate whether invalid utf violates type system and an idea that invalid utf can produce an exception, a replacement character or be ignored. --