Hi Shakti, hi Tom,

first off: a friendly reminder to **not** forget to change the subject line when replying to digest emails, see the sentence you literally replied to:

When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
than "Re: Contents of Discuss-gnuradio digest..."

Anyways, what Shakti recommends makes not too much sense, sorry! All the files are "exported from wiki", in other words, the original version is in the very wiki with the tutorials in it. That's why it says that in the file name :)

https://wiki.gnuradio.org/index.php?title=Usage_Manual

To address Tom's questions:

> If I use the "input" to the block, how many samples are processed each time the Python code is called?

As many as you process. That's up to your code! In a general block, you need to call `self.consume` (or `consume_each`) yourself to tell the runtime how much of the available input you consumed.

You need to return the number of samples you have produced at the end of your (`general_`) work method.

In the sync block (and fixed-rate decimator and interpolators), what you return inherently defines how much you consumed, so don't call `consume` or `consume_each` in that case.

> Does it pass a byte, float, complex, vector, etc... on at a time?

No, but that's really clearly illustrated in the Python tutorial! See https://wiki.gnuradio.org/index.php?title=Creating_Your_First_Block#Editing_Work_Function : As you can see, `input_items` is a vector of vectors, each row containing the input items from one of the input ports your block has, and then each vector there is many items.

> Does it work on each sample or can you send it an array? Is the Python in/out synchronized with the data stream?

It's not clear what you mean here. "the data stream" is what you're processing 
here.

Cheers,

Marcus


On 20.08.23 05:03, SHAKTHIVEL S 2021 Batch,PES University wrote:
Hi,
You may check in the docs folder in the GitHub page under usage-manual, Handling flowgraphs.txt and types of blocks.txt files until someone who is expert answer your questions.
Hope that helps.
Thanks..
Shakti

On Sun, Aug 20, 2023, 04:54 tom sutherland <alphatoz...@yahoo.com> wrote:

    I've gone through the Python tutorial but have some questions. If I use the 
"input"
    to the block, how many samples are processed each time the Python code is 
called?
    Does it pass a byte, float, complex, vector, etc... on at a time? Does it 
work on
    each sample or can you send it an array? Is the Python in/out synchronized 
with the
    data stream?
    Thanks...Tom

    On Friday, August 18, 2023 at 11:03:02 AM CDT, 
discuss-gnuradio-requ...@gnu.org
    <discuss-gnuradio-requ...@gnu.org> wrote:


    Send Discuss-gnuradio mailing list submissions to
    discuss-gnuradio@gnu.org

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    When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
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    Today's Topics:

      1. [GRCon'23] Keynotes, Workshops, Sponsors: It's all coming
          together! (Marcus Müller)
      2. Re: Using a signal as a parameter in a block? (Marcus Müller)
      3. Re: Discuss-gnuradio Digest, Vol 250, Issue 15 (Sowji Srinithi)
      4. LookupError: KeyError: No devices found (was: Re:
          Discuss-gnuradio Digest, Vol 250, Issue 15) (Marcus Müller)


    ----------------------------------------------------------------------

    Message: 1
    Date: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 18:04:52 +0200
    From: Marcus Müller <mmuel...@gnuradio.org>
    To: Gnuradio Mailing List <discuss-gnuradio@gnu.org>
    Cc: srsran-us...@lists.srsran.com
    Subject: [GRCon'23] Keynotes, Workshops, Sponsors: It's all coming
        together!
    Message-ID: <3cc7fed1-4a23-d428-a16c-4670e01d3...@gnuradio.org>
    Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed

    Dear Community,

    GNU Radio Conference 2023 is coming closer! (It takes place starting
    Sep. 5 in Tempe, Arizona, USA. Tickets happen to be $100 cheaper until
    2023-08-18 [0].)

    == Keynotes ==

    The Conference Organizers are quite happy to see an excellent list of
    Keynote speakers[1] come together for the four conference days:

    With Lindy Elkins-Tanton, we have been able to secure the NASA Principal
    Investigator for the Psyche Mission, and an all-around impressive
    scientist and research leader on the formation of rocky planets. If
    being elected into the National Academy of Sciences is not enough
    credit: there's an asteroid named after her.
    On the technical and historical side, I'm personally looking forward to
    seeing Eric Blossom again: he, as the first head of architecture, has
    been formative to the things that make GNU Radio what it is. Currently,
    he's working on high-speed satellite radios.
    Don't forget that SDR involves, famously, not only software, but also
    radio. Constantine Balanis' contributions to the field of radio
    technology are not limited to his authorship of the standard textbook on
    antennas – he's been at the forefront of EM simulation and RF channel
    theory and thus set many cornerstones for wireless communications and
    sensing applications everywhere.
    Of course, if we invite GNU Radio's history, we should also be inviting
    someone working on the future of GNU Radio: That'd be Ralph Steinhagen,
    head developer for systems integration at FAIR, one of the largest and
    technically most advanced particle accelerators, who, together with his
    team, is putting in all the work to bring a shared vision of GNU Radio
    4.0 to life.

    == Workshops ==

    But the value of a conference is not found exclusively in the
    higher-profile talks, but also in the ways that it enables people to
    actually have a closer look at things, together. Workshops [2] have been
    a staple of GRCon's popularity for years, and this year is no exception
    with a total count of 10 workshops, covering topics from basic DSP, over
    GNU Radio use, transceiver design, embedded Linux-based SDR development,
    and FPGA usage on SDR devices, to FOSS 5G network setup with srsRAN.

    == Sponsors ==

    As you might guess, organizing all this takes effort – and executing
    takes a lot of funds. Hence, we're very glad we've found sponsors [3]
    for this year's GRCon. Next to a few industry-standard names, it's
    especially nice to see breakthrough startups and research organizations
    take up the chance to present themselves to the GNU Radio audience. You
    can, when buying tickets [0], directly choose a Patron Ticket, which
    gives you a cheap opportunity to place your logo on the GRCon website;
    if that's what you want to do, or if you care for other sponsorship
    packages, don't hesitate to reach out to spon...@gnuradio.org.

    So, for now: I'm looking forward to seeing you there!

    -- Marcus

    [0] https://tickets.gnuradio.org/
    [1] https://events.gnuradio.org/event/21/page/111-keynote-speakers
    [2]
    
https://events.gnuradio.org/event/21/contributions/?config=9e736ba3-8af2-4446-b8ba-bf634ad0ff33
    [3] https://events.gnuradio.org/event/21/page/94-our-sponsors




    ------------------------------

    Message: 2
    Date: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 20:08:51 +0200
    From: Marcus Müller <mmuel...@gnuradio.org>
    To: discuss-gnuradio@gnu.org
    Subject: Re: Using a signal as a parameter in a block?
    Message-ID: <41d0ac35-16ce-dff0-5eb7-7d0b4202c...@gnuradio.org>
    Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed

    Hi Tom,

    You are assuming the "delay" input of the Delay block was 
sample-synchronous – it's not!
    Messages are asynchronous to samples by design. Repeating the same message 
hence
    doesn't
    do what you want:
    What you're trying to do, keep the delay constant for 1023 samples, then 
change it,
    keep
    it constant… but that would require that the delay block "waits" for a new 
message for
    every sample it processes. It doesn't (and it can't).

    I think in your situation, learning how to write a Python (or C++, if 
that's easier for
    you) block to do in one place what you want to happen here would be the 
only solution –
    and not too hard.

    Best regards,
    Marcus

    On 17.08.23 14:59, tom sutherland wrote:
    > I want to use the output value of a signal generator as the delay value 
of a delay
    block.
    > Is there a way to pass the output of a signal generator(saw tooth) to the 
delay
    block? I
    > have attached an initial grc file and a picture of what I want to do. Any 
help
    would be
    > appreciated.
    > Thanks...Tom
    > PS Do you know if I need to sign up for any workshops, etc.. at the 
GNURadio
    Conference
    > next month or do I just show up and take a seat? I've already registered.
    >
    > Inline image
    >
    >



    ------------------------------

    Message: 3
    Date: Fri, 18 Aug 2023 13:41:16 +0530
    From: Sowji Srinithi <sowjisrini...@gmail.com>
    To: discuss-gnuradio@gnu.org
    Subject: Re: Discuss-gnuradio Digest, Vol 250, Issue 15
    Message-ID:
        <cacqfbd8kfj2dptehwrlg-yec+b3uavdg-tmryyqpmyq6rj+...@mail.gmail.com
    
<mailto:cacqfbd8kfj2dptehwrlg-yec%2bb3uavdg-tmryyqpmyq6rj%2b...@mail.gmail.com>>
    Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"

    Qt GUI: Could not restore geometry: restoreGeometry(self, geometry:
    Union[QByteArray, bytes, bytearray]): argument 1 has unexpected type
    'NoneType' [INFO] [UHD] linux; GNU C++ version 12.3.0; Boost_107400;
    UHD_4.4.0.0+ds1-4 Traceback (most recent call last): File
    "/home/sowjanya/Downloads/fm_example.py", line 238, in <module> main() File
    "/home/sowjanya/Downloads/fm_example.py", line 216, in main tb =
    top_block_cls() ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File
    "/home/sowjanya/Downloads/fm_example.py", line 84, in __init__
    self.uhd_usrp_source_0 = uhd.usrp_source( ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ RuntimeError:
    LookupError: KeyError: No devices found for -----> Empty Device Address how
    to fix this error

    How to fix the above error

    On Thu, 17 Aug 2023 at 21:37, <discuss-gnuradio-requ...@gnu.org> wrote:

    > Send Discuss-gnuradio mailing list submissions to
    > discuss-gnuradio@gnu.org
    >
    > To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit
    > https://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/discuss-gnuradio
    > or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to
    > discuss-gnuradio-requ...@gnu.org
    >
    > You can reach the person managing the list at
    > discuss-gnuradio-ow...@gnu.org
    >
    > When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
    > than "Re: Contents of Discuss-gnuradio digest..."
    >
    >
    > Today's Topics:
    >
    >    1. Using a signal as a parameter in a block? (tom sutherland)
    >
    >
    > ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    >
    > Message: 1
    > Date: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 12:59:58 +0000 (UTC)
    > From: tom sutherland <alphatoz...@yahoo.com>
    > To: "discuss-gnuradio@gnu.org" <discuss-gnuradio@gnu.org>
    > Subject: Using a signal as a parameter in a block?
    > Message-ID: <661605185.819399.1692277198...@mail.yahoo.com>
    > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
    >
    > I want to use the output value of a signal generator as the delay value of
    > a delay block. Is there a way to pass the output of a signal generator(saw
    > tooth) to the delay block? I have attached an initial grc file and a
    > picture of what I want to do. Any help would be appreciated.Thanks...TomPS
    > Do you know if I need to sign up for any workshops, etc.. at the GNURadio
    > Conference next month or do I just show up and take a seat? I've already
    > registered.
    >
    >
    >
    >
    > -------------- next part --------------
    > An HTML attachment was scrubbed...
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    >
    
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    > >
    >
    > ------------------------------
    >
    > Subject: Digest Footer
    >
    > _______________________________________________
    > Discuss-gnuradio mailing list
    > Discuss-gnuradio@gnu.org
    > https://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/discuss-gnuradio
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    Message: 4
    Date: Fri, 18 Aug 2023 10:35:09 +0200
    From: Marcus Müller <marcus.muel...@ettus.com>
    To: discuss-gnuradio@gnu.org
    Subject: LookupError: KeyError: No devices found (was: Re:
        Discuss-gnuradio Digest, Vol 250, Issue 15)
    Message-ID: <4b8dc553-f663-4d9b-fdbf-beca6b3ee...@ettus.com>
    Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"; Format="flowed"

    Hi Sowji,

    according to the text you've replied to:

    > When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
    > than "Re: Contents of Discuss-gnuradio digest..."

    I changed the subject line to actually describe the contents of your email. 
Please
    get in
    the habit of doing that :)

    Anyways, as you notice, this is an error related to UHD not finding any 
USRP devices.
    Since we don't know which device you have, we can't help you with that. But 
to
    expedite a
    solution: Guides to this are found in dozens of corners on the internet, 
for example
    
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33304828/when-trying-to-use-my-usrp-in-gnu-radio-i-get-a-no-devices-found-for



    Best,

    Marcus


    On 18.08.23 10:11, Sowji Srinithi wrote:
    > Qt GUI: Could not restore geometry: restoreGeometry(self, geometry: 
Union[QByteArray,
    > bytes, bytearray]): argument 1 has unexpected type 'NoneType' [INFO] 
[UHD] linux; GNU
    > C++ version 12.3.0; Boost_107400; UHD_4.4.0.0+ds1-4 Traceback (most 
recent call
    last):
    > File "/home/sowjanya/Downloads/fm_example.py", line 238, in <module> 
main() File
    > "/home/sowjanya/Downloads/fm_example.py", line 216, in main tb = 
top_block_cls()
    > ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "/home/sowjanya/Downloads/fm_example.py", line 84, 
in __init__
    > self.uhd_usrp_source_0 = uhd.usrp_source( ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ RuntimeError: 
LookupError:
    > KeyError: No devices found for -----> Empty Device Address how to fix 
this error
    >
    > How to fix the above error
    >
    > On Thu, 17 Aug 2023 at 21:37, <discuss-gnuradio-requ...@gnu.org> wrote:
    >
    >    Send Discuss-gnuradio mailing list submissions to
    > discuss-gnuradio@gnu.org
    >
    >    To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit
    > https://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/discuss-gnuradio
    >    or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to
    > discuss-gnuradio-requ...@gnu.org
    >
    >    You can reach the person managing the list at
    > discuss-gnuradio-ow...@gnu.org
    >
    >    When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
    >    than "Re: Contents of Discuss-gnuradio digest..."
    >
    >
    >    Today's Topics:
    >
    >       1. Using a signal as a parameter in a block? (tom sutherland)
    >
    >
    > ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    >
    >    Message: 1
    >    Date: Thu, 17 Aug 2023 12:59:58 +0000 (UTC)
    >    From: tom sutherland <alphatoz...@yahoo.com>
    >    To: "discuss-gnuradio@gnu.org" <discuss-gnuradio@gnu.org>
    >    Subject: Using a signal as a parameter in a block?
    >    Message-ID: <661605185.819399.1692277198...@mail.yahoo.com>
    >    Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
    >
    >    I want to use the output value of a signal generator as the delay 
value of a delay
    >    block. Is there a way to pass the output of a signal generator(saw 
tooth) to the
    >    delay block? I have attached an initial grc file and a picture of what 
I want
    to do.
    >    Any help would be appreciated.Thanks...TomPS Do you know if I need to 
sign up for
    >    any workshops, etc.. at the GNURadio Conference next month or do I 
just show up and
    >    take a seat? I've already registered.
    >
    >
    >
    >
    >    -------------- next part --------------
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    >
    >    ------------------------------
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    >
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