Linda,

>> >In relation to my earlier e-mail...I am interested in novice 
>> >programming research, in particular I am interested in developing 
>> >language-independent techniques
>> 
>> Given the current state of knowledge I think attempting to be
>> language independent is much too ambitious.
> 
>I disagree.  If I recall correctly from Enda's talk at PPIG, the aim was
>to produce language-independent analogies and examples to aid
>understanding.  There are plenty of these for more abstract concepts like
>iteration,

Jorma Sajaniemi talk on variables having a 'role' is applicable here.  There
is now a Roles of Variables page: http://www.cs.joensuu.fi/~saja/var_roles/

> or pointers, that are real world analogies (like using house
>numbers to illustrate pointers "You  have the number of the house, but
>you have to actually go to that number before you can get into the
>house...").  These don't require language-specificity.

This example has a seductive appeal to it.  However, I wonder what
effect this metaphor will have on subsequent learning.  For instance,
C and Java have very different pointer models (Java, of course, not
having one at all).  The models that raw beginners start with stay with
them for a long time (true in any subject).  Looking for language
independence without a good base of empirical knowledge of language
specific learning techniques runs the risk of creating metaphors that
roughly fit all and stunt the growth of all for that reason.

>> > which will aid students' 
>> >understanding of the basic programming concepts of 
>> >
>> >i/o, variables, data types, seqence selection iteration, subroutines etc
>> 
>> What is needed is a database of common developer misconceptions.
>> As the following paper points out, without this information it is not
>> possible to train teaches to recognise problems and correct them.
>
>Sure, this would also be useful, but it does not obviate the need for
>techniques such as the ones Enda is planning to look at.

General techniques may be helpful in creating generic course notes.
I appreciate that having to continually update courses is a problem for
lecturers.  But I don't see students benefiting from it and they may even
have their future growth stunted through being taught inappropriate
metaphors.  Lets find out what works for the specific languages first.

>Recognising problems and correcting them seems to me to be a step
>further on from teaching basic programming concepts by analogy.  

I agree.  But lets do the work on the individual languages first.  Then use
that to make the generalizations.


derek

--
Derek M Jones                                           tel: +44 (0) 1252 520 667
Knowledge Software Ltd                            mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Applications Standards Conformance Testing   http://www.knosof.co.uk



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